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The Supreme Court of North Carolina. He did not long enjoy the relief afforded tion is protected by the United States Con by this addition, but died Nov. 14, 1889. stitution, when the attempted contract is Owing to the vast increase of business with for an alienation of any of the " essential the growth of the State in population and powers of government " it is inoperative wealth, the work done by Chief-Justice and void. This same doctrine has been re Smith and his two associates in these ten cently reaffirmed by the court in Alsbrook years of his service equals that done by the v. Railroad, no N. C. 137. Mowery v. court during its first thirty years. The Salisbury, 82 N. C. 175, holds that a town pages of the reports during these ten years tax on dogs is valid. Lord v. Hardin, lb.

exceed in number of 241, rules that church pages, and contain far property cannot be more cases in number, subjected to payment of a pastor's salary. than the reports for the first thirty years N. C. Railroad Co. v. from the organization Alamance, lb. 259, de of the court in 18 18 cides that a statute to down to 1848. His collect taxes for past opinions are to be years is constitutional. found in 78 N. C. to Cain v. Commission 104 N. C. inclusive, ers, 86 N. C. 8, up twenty-seven volumes. holds the validity of Among them may the " no fence law" be noted the following: and of local assess Overby v. Build, and ments as distinct from Loan Asso., 80 N. C. taxation. This is af 56, which settled the firmed in many cases law governing build since, notably Com ing and loan associa missioners v. Commis tions. Ruffin v. Har sioners, 92 N. C. 180. rison, lb. 208, which Hannon v. Grizzard, holds that when one is 89 N. C. 115, discusses both administratorand "residence" and guardian, upon clos "domicile " in con JAMES E. SHEPHERD. nection with eligibility ing one trust the law transfers the liability to office, and the same to the other; but that until the first trust is is considered in Lee v. Mosely, 101 N. C. closed the sureties on the bond for the dis 311, in reference to the right of homestead. charge of that trust are still liable. Scar Ellison v. Raleigh, lb. 125, and Doyle v. borough v. Robinson, lb. 409, decides that Raleigh, lb. 132, discuss the right of a city an act of the legislature is invalid until council to deprive one of its members of signed by the speakers; and though the his seat upon the ground of ineligibility, journals may show that the bill passed each and the proper remedy. Stanly v. Railroad, house the requisite number of times, the lb. 331, decides that in a suit against a cor courts cannot by mandamus compel the poration it need not be averred that it has speakers to sign it. In Washington Toll been incorporated, and if that is disputed it Bridge v. Commissioners of Beaufort, lb. should be done by answer. This is affirmed 491, it is held (page 498) that though a in Ramsay v. Railroad, 91 N. C. 418. Uni contract made by a State with a corpora- versity v. Harrison, 90 N. C. 385, discusses