decree there was no appeal. Inside of six months I put two hundred and sixty persons to death for those atrocities and barbarities. Within two hours after my decrees the men were dead, there was no hope for them. "We were defeated. Our general, Hun gary's general, General Gorgei, was a traitor. He laid down the Hungarian arms to Russia. Why? Because he was jealous of Kossuth. Kossuth fled; so did we all. Then began the search, the persecution. "I was the last to leave Hungary; all the others had fled. I was hunted and hounded from place to place, a price on my head, my life in danger for eleven months; my coun try defeated and prostrate. At last I se cured a passport from a lady, my cousin. Part was printed, part filled in with her de scription in writing. A doctor showed me how to erase the writing with chemicals. I did so, filled it in for myself and fled toward Germany. The passport was good only for Austria. I was told to go to Breslau simply to stay over night and that then I would not need a passport. I did so. I was hounded day and night as a radical. I knew not where to go. Finally I went to a doctor; he kept me for three days, and got me a passport as a merchant, and I fled to Dantzic. From there I fled to Hamburg, which was a free city, and there I hoped to be safe. "There, alas, I was discovered; I was an Hungarian, one of Kossuth's men. The police sent for me. I told them I did not need any passport. They replied : ' You're a Hungarian. Austria and Russia will give us no peace if we shelter you. You must go.' Then I said : ' I pity you, you Republi can government.' "From one place to another, I spent six months in Germany, always on the alert, always in danger. Then came the Schleswig-Holstein war, and the Austrian soldiers came into Hamburg. I fled to London;
there I stayed six months, and finally came to America, and settled here in, Iowa fifty years ago the twelfth of November." The story of the establishment of the Russian settlement in Iowa was told by Varga. A fortress in Hungary, named Komorn, battled for a thousand years and in a thousand battles and never taken,was sur rendered by General Klapka, of the Hunga rian army. The military governor was re moved and in his stead was appointed a civil governor, L. Ujhazy. Ujhazy was rich, he was a patriot, and with the final defeat of his country he refused to serve longer as Governor of Komorn. He demanded a passport from the country and it was granted. Then he started for America, bringing forty Hungarians with him. He and his followers were the first Hungarians to come to the United States for protection and shelter, after the revolution of '49, except a few scattered individuals. Fillmore was president of this country then. Ujhazy visited Fillmore and pleaded the cause of the revolutionists seeking a home. Fillmore advised him to go to Iowa, a new country and a rich one. So Ujhazy and his followers came west, traveling by way of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers until they came to Burlington, Iowa, where they were given guides and started west ward, overland, until they reached what is now Decatur county, and there they started the new Buda settlement, the Government giving them the option on the land. They chose Iowa because it was a non-slave state and the climate was mild. Having settled and started a colony Ujhazy wrote to London and told his coun trymen he had found a Paradise, and urged them to hurry on. Varga and his son, Ladislaus Madarasz and his son, Joseph Majthenyi (another statesman and high official), Ernest Drahos (who was a judge with
