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114 THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY. [April, 1873. new names given in the subsequent revision possessed the same property as the old, namely, that of severally indicating the number of the year and the order of the month by virtue of their numerical power. The nota¬ tion, however, subsequently used was, as I learn from Colonel Kirkpatrick, different from the Ubjud. It has been called* Ub^us, an unmeaning word formed by a combination of the first four letters of the Persian alphabet. By the Sultan himself, however, it was. called jj> (Zur) The notation is this— k u* J J * ^ ^ s ^ cu i | M 05 Or ^ M IS H OOOO OOOO 00 VJ O Crt ^ CO IO *— L5* y j r 1 9 a* * Js 800 900 ,000 700 600 500 400 CO o o to ►—* o o O 00 OOOO The difference between the two schemes con¬ sists in this; in the Ubjud the numerical powers of the letters depend on their order in the arbitrary verse referred to; whereas in the Ubtus or Zur they depend on the order of the letters in the alphabet. The eleventh and twelfth months are indicated here again, as in the former scheme* by the first two letters of their respective names, ra being r4 + aUf =10 + 1 = 11, and rub rd + bt = 10 + 2 = 12. There were also intercalary or supplementary months, called by the Sultan I j) zdyad, ad- h i k a in Sanskrit. As I have not met with any clue to the principle on which this was arranged, I satisfy myself with the bare proof of its existence. A letter to Kffmrffddin Khun is dated 28th Extra-Ahmcdy, corresponding with the 14th of April 1785 A. D., and another letter addressed to Bftrhanuddin on the 23rd April of the samo year is dated 8th Regular- Ahmcdy. This instance serves as a proof of the existence of the intercalary month, and war¬ rants the inference that this month always pre¬ ceded the regular month—for what reason does not appear. I come next to the year. The mode of cal¬ culating years is by cycles of GO, as it is with Hindus and with all the peoples of Southern India except the Muhammadans. The number of days is 354. Colonel Kirkpatrick says— and lunar years accord, seven returns of the in¬ tercalary or supplementary month are required in the course of nineteen years. Now from the 3Gth to the 53rd of the cycle (both inclusive) is a period of nineteen years, in the course of which seven leap-years occur, viz. five which are clearly ascertained, and two which have been assumed. But, notwithstanding this apparent conformity, the two reckonings do not coincide when, according to this rule, they might be expected to do so. The reason of this discre¬ pancy no doubt is that though the months esta¬ blished by Tipii were ordinarily called lunar, they were not strictly so; six of the twelve months of the year consisted of thirty and the other of twenty-nine days each. And there¬ fore the common year of 354 was neither lunar nor solar.” I am sorry I am not able to give the entire list of the years composing tho cycle. The following list however contains the names of the seventeen years over which Tipfi’s adminis¬ tration extended; and these are all that I am able to collect from the work referred to. Year of the Cyclo. Name in the Jlrtt scheme. Name in tho ttoond Bchcme. Corresponding year of Hindu cycle. Correspon¬ ding with A. D. 36 Jebil ... Rubfc iz . Sffbhakritl... 1782-83 37 Zfiky ... Sukh ... Scbhakritu... 1783-84 38 Uzl Sukha... Krodhi 1784-85 39 Juio ... Duraz... Visvavasu ... 1785-86 40 Dullo ... Busd ... Parabliava ... 1786-87 41 Ma Shit Plavanga ... 1787-88 42 Kubk ... Sara ... Kilaka 1788-89 43 Jum..... Surab ... Saumya 1789-90 44 Jam Shota ... 1 Sadharana ... 1790-91 45 A'dam. . Zuburiud Virudhakkritu 1791-92 46 Wuly ... Schr ...1 1 Paridhavi ... 1792-93 47 Waly .. Sahir ..J Pramadicha . 1793-94 48 Kaukub. Ritsikh.. Ananda 1794-95 49 Kuwakib Shad ...1 Rakshasa ... 1795-96 50 Yum ... Hiraset . Nala 1796-97 51 I)u warn • Saz Pingaja 1797-98 52 Humd... Sliadab . Kalayilkti ... 1798-99 53 j Hamid.. Barish.. Siddliarti ... 1799. The remarks regarding the meaning of the names of the months apply also to those of the years. They have, as before, theproperty of in¬ dicating the order by their initial letters. For, taking any name at random, say jof (Adam) the order of it would bo according to the Ubjud It is a known rule that to make tho solar • The Persian letter being excluded from thia scheme as well ns from the Ubjud, the Persian letters ^ aud J are in like manner omitted in both.