146 THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY. [May, 18/3. quotations. # The following words, namely:— anapkd—dva<f>q, dkokera—diyo<(pu>s, dpoklima-— arroxKtfia, dra—’Apijr, dsphujit—* *A<f>po8irq, ittham (itthasi Dr. Bh&u D&ji, ithusi Muir)—hendra —Kfvrpov, hemadruma—xpi7/i<mo>iof,t hona—Kpoyor trikona—rptywos, kaurpya—ancopnios, kriya—kpios, jdmitra—81 aperpov, jituma—8i8vpos, juJca—(vyov, jyau—Ztvs, tdvuri—Tavpos, taukshiha—ro^orqs, dri- kdna drek'tna-*8iicavos, durudhard—8opv$opia, dus- chikyaX—tvikov, dyiinam dyutam—8vtov, panaphard —yenavaxf>opat pdthena—jwpOfvos, mesnrana—p«<rou- pnvrjpa, liptd—cirr,9, rihpha rishphd—'pt<t>T), ley a— Xcwv, vest—<paais, sunaphd—trvvacfiq harija— 'opifa>v,§ hibuka—'vnoyctov, himna(perhaps himra?)— 'Eppqs, heli—'HXtor, hridroga—‘vfipo^oof, hord—'is pa. Lastly, it must at any rate be observed that, induced by homophony, the Hindus transferred to their Krishna many legends &c. about Xpiaros which roached them, or which they had themselves become acquainted with in the West. From what has preceded, with reference to tho second group of Greek words which can be pointed out in Hindu literature, the following conclusions as to phonetic relations may be drawn :—a appears as a or d in Alasandd, B&sili (?), Amita (?), anuphd, hpoklinaAraJisphujit, kemudruma,f jhmitra.drikh.na, panaphard,phthena, mesilrana, sunaphd, horn, kastira, kasturi, khalina, thateri (?), dinar a, dramma, Man it - tha (?),—as e in roSi,—as * in Milinda ; e as a in Alasandd,—as e in dkokera, kendra, drekdna, pdthena, mesurana, leya. Megha (?), meld, —Mi in jdmitra, liptd, Himna, Milinda,—as ri in drikdna,—and is dropped in panaphara ; i as i in dpoklima, dsphujit, ittham, trikona, kriya, jituma, rihpha, vesi, harija, Biisili (P), khali- na, kastira,—as u in hemadruma,f sunihgd. o as o in dkokera, dpoklima, kona, hridroga,— as u in dsphujit, durudhard, hibuka, Hind, mule a,— as aw in kaurpya, taulcshika,— as a in durudhard, panaphara, harija;— v as i in hibuka, Amita (P),—as ri in hridroga, —as u in jituma, durudhard, duschikya, sunaphd, suruhgd,—as fi in jdka,—as yu in dy&na, dyuta ;— r) as c in kramelaka, hemadruma, heli,—as i in dindra;— <o as o in trikona, hord, Romaka, lopdka,—as u in kasthri; cu as d in hkokera,—as e in kherdn (?), kaseru-
- Dr. Bhftu Daji seolca under the name of the Yavane-
svara Asph vjidh raja, or rather Sphujidhraja a %n(v<rnrnos —500 Jonrn. Royal As. So. 1.409 (18G5), but Kern Introd. to I ar. Mih., p. 48) an *A0po8terior. t Mr. Hermann Jacobi, who is now engaged on an edition of the LaghujiVaka, informs me that Ktvobpopia would rather answer to kemadruma, which with its denominative Kcvobpopca) occurs in Proclus, Porphyrias, and Manetho. t This word, protected hy the Laghnjdtdka I. 17 (Ind. St ad. II. 281), appears by Muir in J, As. S. of Beng. XIV. mant (? for kesar-),—aio as aya in Asura Maya (and Turamaya) ; av as dvu in /a van,—as au in Paul tea, fv as au in jyau, Jalaukas (?) ; ov as u in mesdrana. With reference to the consonants, it is to be observed first, as to the dentals, that 8 before or rather with i appears as j, thus dsphujit, jdmitra, jituma, whilst in dynna, dyuta, a y is inserted be¬ tween 8 and v;—f is represented hy j in harija, juk a, by jy in jyau ;—<r appears as 8 in Basil! (,?), Kaseru- mant (?), suruhgd, mesnrana, sunaphd, ns 6 in veki, Paulika, as j in Jalaukas (?).—Of the aspirates 0 appears as th in pdthena,—x#as M »n it tha,—(f> as phiuanaphd, panaphard, sunaphd, as hph orshph j| in rihpha, rishpha, as sph in dsphujit, as dh in durudhard,•[ as v in veil,— as & in hemadruma (?), as kh in kherdn (?) khaUna, as sell in duschikya, as g in hridroga. Of the liquids, l stands for v in Milinda, r for X in Asura Maya (?).—Hardening occurs in dko¬ kera, trikona, jituma, juka ; on the other hand softening occurs in kendra, kem ulruma (?), du- Schikya, hibuka, hridroga. The assimilation to like or homophonous Sanskrit words has evidently been much in operation here, as in trikona, duSchikya, komadruma, hndroga, Kaserumaut, Jalaukas, Asu¬ ra Maya. A comparison of the results obtained from both groups of words—that is, of those authenticated by contemporaneous documents and those which can be pointed out in Hindu literature,—shows as a deviation iu the second that the o is not so often rendered by a as in coin-legends ; and also tho occasional representation of t by u, the regular representation of v by u (more rarely by i), tbe rendering of av by do, of av by e (P), of ev by an ; lastly, the Zetacization of 81 into j; g appears in both groups as e. II. INDIAN NAMES AND WORDS AMONG GREEKS. * Here we have to deal partly with politico-geo¬ graphical and other names, and partly with articles of commerce and objects of daily life. Tbe names of wares camo first to the West, in part very early —long before Alexander—and either, like the name India itself, through Persian, with the form transmuted according to Persian phonetic laws + 811, as du 'rhikatha, and has further been corrupted in Las¬ sen, IV. 843, to Hchakatha. § Kern, Introd. to Var. Mih., p. 29. |l Comp. Ind. Stud. II. 281 n. Comp, the otherwise inverted representation of 6 by /,
- Comp, herewith, before everything else, Lassen’s Ind.
Alt. K. I. 1-352, II. 530 sqq., III. 1-^336. f Namely h (as spirit us lenis) for s, thus in TTT Syr, hendu, 'ivaos sindu, f for h, r for l (Comp. e. g. also Las¬ sen, II. 559, as to Hypobarus and Marticboras).
