LIVERWORTS IN THE WESTERN HIMALAYAS. 157
Madotheca ovalis Gottsch. Near Kilar bridge, Pangi.
M. sp. Along with the above.
Badula sp. Along with the above.
Arachniopsis sp. Below Gurdhar pass, about 13,000 ft.
Lophozia sp. Along with the above.
The number of individuals is very small and specimens are met with only at long intervals. Going down the Chandrabhaga to Padar and Kashtwar the Liverwort flora becomes decidedly poorer and hardly any specimens are seen for miles. Going up the Chenab no Liver- worts are met with above Jispa, about 11,000 ft.
As stated before no Liverworts occur boyond the Baralacha pass in the country visited. It is probable that none occur in the whole of Ladak.
No. of species in the different localities — Mussoorio Kulu Simla Dalhousie Ravi Valley Chenab Valley Lingti Plain 42 24 28 11 28 20
Southern slopes of the Outer
Between
Between
Beyond
Himalayas.
Outer and
Middle and
Inner Hima-
Middle Hima-
Inner Hima-
layas,
layas
layas.
Rererences to Literature
For many geographical and climatic data the writer is indebced to the Gazetteers of Chamba, Kulu and Mandi, and the Gazetteer of India. Some of the figures about temperature and rainfall were obtained from the Meteorological Observatory, Lihore. The area of which the writer has first-hand knowledge has been indicated in the paper. All the species mentioned have been collected by the wiiter himself. Descriptions of these will be found in Stephani's Species hepaticarWn and the following papers by the writer : —
1. Morphological and biological notes on new and little-known went Himalayan Liverworts I, II and III. New Phytologist, 1913 and 1914.
2. Liverworts of the Western Himalayas and the Punjab. I and II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 191G and 1917.
1743—21
