Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/204

PENYARD. 192 PENZANCE. Wesleyans have a place of worship at Middleford Green, at which place is also the workhouse for girls, being a branch of the Preston Union. Farington House, Far- ington Lodge, Howick Hall, Hurst Grange, Hutton Hall, Penwortham Hall, Peuwortham House, Swallow House, The Oaks, The Priory, and The Whitefriars are the principal residences. PENYAED, a ruined castle on the river Wye, in the hund. of Greytree, co. Hereford, I mile S.E. of Ross. It belonged to the Talbots of Goodrich, who had a mint for the coinage of " Penyard pennies." PENYBONT, a hmlt. in the par. of Llandisilio Gogo, hund. of Moyddyn, co. Cardigan, 7 miles S.W. of Aber- Ayron. It is situated on the coast. PEN-Y-BONT, a hmlt. in the par. of Llanbadarn- Fawr, hund. of Cefnllys, co. Radnor, 8 miles S.E. of Rhayader, and 7 W. by N. of Radnor. It is situated at the new bridge on the river Ithon. The principal re- sidence is Pen-y-Bont Hall of the Severns. In the vicinity is Llar.degley Spa. PENYBONT-AR-OGWR, See BRIDGEND, co. Gla- morgan. PKN-Y-CLAWDD, a par. in the lower div. of the hund. of Ragland, co. Monmouth, 5 miles S.W. of Mon- mouth, its post town, and 3 from Ragland. The parish, which is of small extent, is situated on the old road from Tjsk to Monmouth. The village consists of a few farm- houses. Stone is quarried for building purposes. The appropriate tithes, belonging to the Archdeacon and Chapter of Llandaff, have buen commuted for a rent- charge of 50. The living is a perpet. cur. annexed to that of Llangoven, in the dioc. of Llandaff. The church, dedicated to St. Martin, is an ancient structure. There is a village school. The parochial charities produce about 2 per annum. PEN-Y-CLAWDD, a tnshp. in the par. of Chirk, co. Denbigh, 2 miles from Chirk. It is situated near Offa's Dyke. PEN-Y-COED, a tnshp. in the par. of Llanfwrog, co. Denbigh, adjoining Ruthin, within which borough it is situated. It is on the river Clwydd. PEN-Y-DARREN, or PENNYDARON, a hmlt. in the par. of Merthyr-Tydfil, hund. of Caerphilly, co. Glamorgan, 2 miles from Merthyr-Tydfil. It is situated near the river Taff and Cardiff canal, and is celebrated for its extensive iron works, employing above 2,000 hands. PENYFOED, a tnshp. in the par. of Llangwyn, co. Denbigh, 8 miles W. of Corwen. PENYGELLI, a tnshp. in the par. of Kerry, co. Montgomery, 2 miles S.E. of Newtown. PENYGLODFA, a tnshp. in the par. of Newtown, co. Montgomery, adjoining Newtown, and 8 miles S.W. of Montgomery. It is situated near the bridge over the Severn. PEN-Y-GROES, a hmlt. in the hund. of Isgorfai, co. Carnarvon, 5 miles S. by E. of Carnarvon. It is a station on the Carnarvon and Nantlle railway. It is situated near Lake Nantlle, under Mynydd Mawr and Graig Goch. PENYMES. a tnshp. in the par. of Llanwyddelan, co. Montgomery, 4 miles S.W. of Llanfair. PENYMYNYDD, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of Pentrobbin, par. of Hawarden, co. Flint, 1 mile S.E. of Mold. It is situated near the river Alen. PENYPONT. See PEN-Y-BONT, cos. Radnor and Glamorgan. PENYRHWEL, a hmlt. in the par. of Swansea, co. Glamorgan, adjoining Swansea. PENYVAE, a hmlt. in the par. of Newcastle, co. Glamorgan, 2 miles from Bridgend. It is situated near the river Ogmore. PENZAS CE, a seaport, market town and municipal borough in the par. of Madron, hund. of Penwith, co. Cornwall, 44 miles S.W. of Bodmin, and 80 from Ply- mouth by the Cornwall and West Cornwall railway, of which it is the terminus. It is situated on the north- western shore of Mount's Bay, and is the most westerly town in England, being only 10 miles distant from Land's End. A religious house formerly stood on thci site of the present pier, and is said to have given the name of Holy Headland to the town, which was after- wards called Buriton, or Castle Town. The Spaniards, in 1595, landed at the village of Mousehole, a short dis- tance from this town, and having laid that place waste, they burnt Penzance. Fifty years later it was sacked by the parliamentary troops under Fairfax. The trade of Penzance chiefly consists in the export of copper, tin, earthenwares, and fish ; large quantities of iron, timber, coals, hemp, and tallow are imported ; most of the tin procured from the mines in Cornwall ia shipped at Penzance. The pilchard fishery is very extensive, em- ploying upwards of 2,000 persons and 300 fishing boats ; but has recently declined. The town of late years bus very much increased ; the streets for the most part are 'fell paved and lighted with gas. The population was 9,214 in 1851, with 1,878 inhabited houses, which, in 1861, had increased to 9,414, with 1,941 inhabited houses. The first charter was granted by James I. in 1615, which was afterwards confirmed by Charles II. Under the late Municipal Reform Act, the town is divided into two wards, and is governed by a mayor, six aldermen, and eighteen councillors, with the style of "mayor, alder- men, and commonalty of the town of Penzance." The climate is considered so mild as to be exceedingly bene- ficial to invalids, more particularly during the winter months. One of the chief features is the pier, upon which a large amount has at different times been ex- pended, upwards of 30,000 having been voted withic the last few years for this purpose by the corporation. The western arm of the pier, which is 600 feet long, was commenced about the year 1770. There is a lighthouse on the point of the pier 33 feet high. The present town- hall is a Grecian structure of granite, surmounted by a cupola, and was completed in 1838. It contains several spacious rooms, comprising the sessions and police offices, the museums of the Natural History and Antiquarian Societies, and the Council Chamber : in this last is a painting of " The Daughter of Herodias receiving the head of John tho Baptist," and another of " The Queen and the late Prince Consort departing from St. Michael's Mount in 1846." On the basement floor immediately beneath the cupola is the butchers' market, which is well supplied. A pile of granite building is nearly completed, to the left wing of which the townhall will shortly be transferred. The centre will receive the public library, and will also contain a public hall with an organ. The right wing will become the museum of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, which contains a first-class collection of minerals. The market-house for poultry, fish, and butter is in Princes-street. In Parade-street is a building occupied by the public library and newsroom and savings-bank. Besides these must be mentioned the custom-house, the dispensary, in-Chapel-street, the public baths on the esplanade, the gaol, the gas and water works, three banks, and the rail- way station. A local board of health has recently been established. Quarter sessions and weekly petty sessions are held in the townhall, as also a new county court. Penzance Poor-law Union contains nineteen parishes and townships. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 300, in the patron, of the Vicar of Madron. The church, which is dedicated to St. Mary, is a chapel- of-ease to the parish church of Madron, which is a mile off. It was rebuilt in 1833, at an expense of about 9,000, and is in the pointed style of architecture, with a pinnacled tower containing a peal of eight bells. The E. window is of stained glass, and the ceilings are arched and painted in panels. There is also the chapel of St. Paul, built by W. Batten, Esq., at the cost of 5,000. It is built of granite, in the decorated style of the 13th century. The pulpit is carved out of a solid block of granite, and all the interior is decorated. The E. win- dow is of stained glass. Here are also places of worship for Roman Catholics, Primitive Methodists, Wesleyaus, Baptists, Bible Christians, Society of Friends, besides o Jews' synagogue. The free grammar school is sup- ported by the corporation, and there are National and