Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/222

PICKENHAM, SOUTH. 210 PICKWELL. per annum. There is a parochial school for both sexes recently erected. The Primitive Methodists have a place of worship. PICKENHAM, SOUTH, a par. in the hund. of South Greenhoe, co. Norfolk, 4 miles S.E. of Swaffham, its post town. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the river Wissey, and is wholly agricul- tural. The soil is a light loam, alternating with sand, upon a gravelly subsoil. The land is partly in common, but the greater part is arable. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of 303 12s., and the glebe comprises 62 acres. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 344. The church, dedicated to All Saints, has a circular tower containing one bell. The interior of the church contains monuments of the Shute family, and remains of the mortuary chape] of Sir Henry Hobart, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in the reign of Charles I. The parochial charities pro- duce about 1 per annum. Pickenham Hall, the prin- cipal residence, is in a well-wooded park. E. A. Apple- thwaite, Esq., is lord of the manor and chief landowner. PICKERING, a par., post and market town in the wap. of Pickering Lythe, North Hiding co. York, lOf miles from Malton, and 26 to the N.E. of York. It is a station on the Rillington and Whitby branch of the North-Eastern railway. It is situated in a vale near the moors, on a stream called Pickering Beck, which flows to the river Derwent. The par., which extends 20 miles in length by 3 in breadth, includes the follow- ing tnshpg. : Goatland, Pickering Marishes, Newton, and Kingthorpe. The town, which is long and straggling, is situated on a declivity, and is of great antiquity, having been founded, according to tradition, by Peri- durus, a British king, 270 years before the commence- ment of the Christian era. It returned members to parliament in Edward I.'s time, and had a castle of great strength, in which Richard II. was imprisoned after his deposition. It is a petty sessions town, the magistrates meeting once a month at the Black and White Swan Inns alternately. It is also the head of an honour in the Duchy of Lancaster, having jurisdic- tion throughout the Lythe and wapentake, which are co- extensive, including 2 market towns and 46 townships. The board of guardians meet every alternate Monday at the workhouse, and manor courts are held twice annually. There are two banks, a savings-bank, me- chanics' institute, &c. The staple trade of the town is in agricultural produce. There are also two foundries, and an agricultural implement manufactory, which together employ many hands. On the moor at Raw- cliffe Hill are extensive Roman encampments, where urns have been discovered, and in the vicinity are numerous ancient barrows. The Kildhead Spring is about half a mile distant from the town, and forms the source of the river Castar, upon the banks of which, and upon the Old Beck stream, are several flour mills. Prom Castle Hill a view is obtained of the fertile vale of Pickering, bounded on one side by the barren moun- tainous district called Black or Blake Moore, which furnishes materials for making brooms. The impropri- atious belong to the Dean of York. The living is a vie.* with the perpet. cur. of Newton annexed, in the dioc. of York, val. 230, in the patron, of the archbishop. The church, dedicated to St. Peter, is an ancient edifice with a tower surmounted by a lofty spire. The church con- tains effigies and monuments of great antiquity. There is also a district church at Goatland, the living of which is a perpet. cur., val. 58, and a chapel-of-ease at Newton, in this parish. The parochial charities produce about 110 per annum. There is a grammar school, also an endowed sciool. The Independents, Wesleyans, Society of Friends, Primitive Methodists, and New Connexion Methodists have each a place of worship. There is a school belonging to the Wesleyans, of recent erection. Meetings are held once in every three years by the Pickering Lythe and Ryedale Agricultural Society. On a hill at the N. of the town are the ruins of the castle mentioned above,, which belonged to the Saxon earl, Morcar, and after the Conquest to the Dacres, John of Gaunt, and other persons of distinction. It was restored in the 14th century, and was visited by Richard III. During the great civil war of Charles I. it was besieged by the parliamentary forces, and was eventually dismantled by the Roundheads. Market day is Monday. Fairs for sheep, &c., are held on the second Monday in every month, and on the Monday prior to the 14th February, 13th May, 25th September, and the 23rd November. PICKERING LYTHE, a wap. in the North Riding co. York, contains the town of Scarborough, and the pars, of Allerstone, Brompton, Cayton, Ebberstou, El- lerburn, Hutton Bushell, Kirkby-Misperton, Levisham, Middleton, Pickering, Scalby, Seamer, Thornton Dale, Wykeham, and parts of Filey and Sinnington, compris- ing an area of 142,570 acres, and belonging to the Duchy of Lancaster. PICKHILL, a tnshp. in the par. of Bangor, hund. of Bromfield, co. Denbigh, 4 miles S.E. of Wrexham. It is situated on the river Dee. PICKHILL, a limit, in the tnshp. of Carlton-High- dale, par. of Coverham, North Riding co. York, 6 miles S.W. of Leyburn. It is situated in the moors. PICKHILL, a par. in the waps. of Hallikeld and AUertonshire, North Riding co. York, 6 miles N.W. of Thirsk, its post town, and 2 from the Sinderby station on the North-Eastern line of railway. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the river Swale, and is chiefly agricultural. The par. comprises the tnshps. of Holm, Ainderby-Quernhow, How, Sinderby, Pickhill, and Swainby. There are traces of a Saxon camp, and some fields called the Roman fields. The surface is undulating, and the soil consists partly of clay and partly of a sandy loam. The glebe comprises 21 acres in this parish and 13 in Wensley. The impropriatiou belongs to the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 152, in the patron, of Trinity College, Cambridge. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an ancient stone structure, with a tower. The parochial charities pro- duce about 52 per annum. There is a school for both sexes. The Wesleyans have a place of worship. Wil- liam Rutson, Esq., is lord of the manor. PICKLEBRIDGE, a station on the Leeds, Bradford, and Halifax Junction railway. PICKLESCOTT, a tnshp. in the par. of Smethcott, co. Salop, 4 miles N.W. of Church-Stretton. PICKMERE, a tnshp. in the par. of Great Budworth, hund. of Bucklow, co. Chester, 3J miles N.E. of North- wich, and 3 E. of Great Budworth. It is situated on a small feeder of the river Weaver, and is wholly agri- cultural. The soil is of a clayey nature, upon a sub- soil of gravel. The Wesleyans have a place of worship. PICKSTOCK, a tnshp. in the pars, of Chetwynd and Edgmond, co. Salop, 3 miles N.W. of Newport. It is situated on the river Mees, near Pickstock Grange. PICKTHORN, a tnshp. in the par. of Stottesden, co. Salop, 6 miles S.W. of Bridgnorth. PICKTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Plemonstall, lower div. of Broxton hund., co. Chester, 4f miles N.E. of Chester, and 3 S.W. of Mullington. PICKTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Kirkleavington, W. div. of Langbaurgh lib., North Riding co. York, 6 miles S.W. of Stokesley, and 4 S.W. of Yarm. It is a station on the North Yorkshire and Cleveland section of the North-Eastern line of railway. PICK-UP-BANK, a tnshp. in the par. of Whalley, co. Lancaster, 4 miles W. of Haslingdeu. It is in con- junction with Yate. PICKWELL, a par. in the hunds. of Gartree and East Goseote, co. Leicester, 6 miles from Oakham, its post town, and 5| S.E. of Melton-Mowbray. The vil- lage, which is situated on the S. side of the road from Melton to Bedford, is small, and chiefly agricultural. The surface is varied with hill and dale. A large por- tion of the land is devoted to grazing. The soil consists of clay, with a mixture of gravelly loam, and near the village of a light red earth. Fossils have been found. The par. comprises the hmlt. of Leesthorpe. The glebe