Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/356

EOSCOMROE. 344 ROSEDALE, EAST SIDE. county town of co. Eoscommon, prov. of Connaught, Ireland. The par. extends over an area of 7,289 acres of highly cultivated and fertile soil. The town is situ- ated on the road from Dublin to Sligo, 87 miles W. of Dublin, 18 S.E. of Castlerea, and 12 S. of Strokestown. It is built on the side of a gentle acclivity, and con- sists of one principal street, with several subordinate thoroughfares. The public buildings, including the court-house, county gaol, and infirmary, surround an open space at the extremity of the main street, in which are several excellent shops and good hotels. The prin- cipal trade of the town is in grain, and has improved greatly since the opening of the Eoyal canal navigation, and the Great Northern and Western railway, on which latter it has a station. It is the capital of the county of its name, and was formerly a parliamentary borough, sending two members to parliament before the Union. Gene'ral sessions are held twice a year, and petty sessions weekly. It was first chartered as a corporate town in the reign of Edward I., and confirmed by James I. and II. The government of the town is now entrusted to a body of commissioners. It contains a police station, revenue and military barracks, and branch bank of the National Bank of Ireland. It gives name to a Poor-law Union, and contains the union workhouse. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Elphin, val. with others 203, in the patron, of the bishop. The Roman Catholic chapel is at the head of a union. This chapel was formerly the court-house of the town, but was purchased by the Roman Catholics, and received the addition of a belfry. There are a Wesleyau meeting-house, and four public, besides several private schools. The principal residences are Carrowroe and Hazelbrook. There is an excel- lent county infirmary containing fifty beds, adjoining which are a fever hospital and a dispensary. This place is thought to have derived its name from an abbey which was founded hero by St. Colman in a fenny spot, near the site of the modern town. In the northern part of the town are ruins of Roscommon Castle, founded in 1268 by Sir Robert de Ufford. In 1642 the English held this fortress with stubborn tenacity, but were at length compelled to surrender. Here are also ruins of a friary founded by MacCashel in the 13th century, and containing the tomb of Croovedearg O'Connor, King of Connaught. Saturday is market day. Fairs are held on 1st March, Whit-Monday, 1st September, and 5th December. EOSCOMEOE, a par. in the bar. of Ballybritt, King's County, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 6 miles S.E. of Par- soustown. Birr is its post town. The Slieve Bloom mountains rise towards the eastern boundary, and the road fromEoscreatoTullamore passes through theparish. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Killaloe, val. with Kinnetty 231, in the patron, of the bishop. It is joined to Kinnetty in the Roman Catholic arrangement. EOSCONNELL, a par. in the bars, of Fassadining, co. Kilkenny, and Clarmallagh, Queen's County, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 1J mile S.W. of Ballynakill, its post town. The living is a rect. in the dioe. of Ossory, val. with Attanagh 408, in the patron, of the bishop. It is united to Ballyragget in the Roman Catholic arrangement. There is a school. EOSCREA, a par., post, and market town, in the bars, of Clonlisk and Ballybritt, King's County, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 44 miles N.W. of Limerick, and 75 S.W. of Dublin. It has a station on the Great Southern and Western railway at the point where the Parsonstown branch turns off. The parish, which is very extensive, consists chiefly of fertile soil. The town is built on a small stream falling into the Brosna river. It consists of a number of streets, built without any attempt at order, and many of them poor. There is a brisk retail traffic, but the original staple of the town, that of woollen goods, is now extinct. There are several large grain mills, two breweries, tanneries, a savings-bank, and a police station. Petty sessions are held weekly. The Midland Counties Advertiser is pub- lished in the town. The Castle of Roscrea was built by King John, and is now used as a military barracks. In 620 St. Cronan made this town an episcopal see, and remains of the cathedral near the old church are still standing. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Killuloe. The church, which was erected in 1812, near the site of an ancient abbey, is a Gothic structure. There are a Roman Catholic chapel and Methodist and Friends' meet- ing-houses. There are three public schools, and several private establishments. Among the charities are a hospital and a dispensary. Numerous seats surround the locality. A great victory over the Danes was gained here, who thought to surprise the inhabitants, but were defeated, and left 4,000 dead. Saturday and Thursday are market days. Fairs are held on 25th March, 7th May, 21st June, 8th August, 9th October, and 29th November. ROSEACEE, a hmlt. in the par. of Kirkham, bund, of Amounderness, co. Lancaster, 3i miles N.E. of Kirk- ham. It is in conjunction with Treales and Wharles to form a township. EOSE-ASH, a par. in the hund. of Witheridge, co. Devon, 6 miles S.E. of South Molton, its post town, and 12 from the Eggesford railway station. It includes the hmlts. of Yarde and Ash-Mill. The village, which is of small extent, is wholly agricultural. The soil con- sists of clay, and stone is quarried for repair of the roads. It is a meet for the Knowstone harriers. The glebe com- prises near 100 acres. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 608. The church, dedicated tp St. Peter, has a square tower containing five bells. The parochial charities produce about 6 per annum, exclu- sive of 25s. invested in books and education for three poor children. There is an endowed National school for both sexes. A revel is held on the last Sunday in July. EOSEBANK, a vil. in the par. of Under Ward Dai- serf, co. Lanark, Scotland, nearly opposite Mauldslie Castle, and 6 miles N.W. of Lanark. It was formed in 1810 for the accommodation of the inhabitants of Dai- serf village, now falling to decay. Here is the seat of the Dales. BOSE-BANK, a hmlt. in the par. of Whalley, co> Lancaster, 2 miles 8. of Haslingden, and 14 N.W. of Manchester. It is situated in the valley of the river Irwell, near Edenfield, and on the borders of Rosendale Forest. There are extensive print works. BOSEBERRY, a demesne in the co. of Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 miles S.E. of Pennycuick. It belongs to Earl Eoseberry, who takes from it the title of viscount and baron. ROSEBERRY TOPPING, a mountain summit in the district of Cleveland, North Riding co. York, 3 miles S.W. of Gainsborough. It is chiefly composed of oolitic rock with iron oar, and beds of alum and shells. It serves as a landmark at sea, and when clouded ia a sign of bad weather. ROSE CASTLE, anciently a border castle, but now the county seat of the Bishop of Carlisle, above the vale of Caldew, oo. Cumberland, 7 miles S.W. of Carlisle. It is situated in the midst of hanging woods and plan- tations of oak and fir, and includes the old keep and other portions of the original castle built in the early Norman times, but restored by Bishop Percy after de- signs by Rickman. The castle was burnt by King Robert Bruce in 1322, and again by the Scottish army in 1337, and was dismantled after the civil war in the reign of Charles I. ROSEDALE, an ext. par. place, locally in the par. of Wickenby, wap. of West Wraggoe, co. Lincoln, 4 miles N.W. of Wragby. It is a meet for the Burton hounds. BOSEDALE, EAST SIDE, a tnshp. in the par. of Middleton, Pickering Lythe, North Riding co. York, 9 miles N.E. of Kirby Moorside, and 10 N.W. of Pickering railway station. It is situated in the moors under Shunner Fell, at the head of the river Severn, which here turns an extensive corn mill. It comprises the hmlt. of Hartoft. There are several quarries of good flagstone, and coal of an inferior quality is found. The chapel-of-ease was rebuilt in 1839. There ia a vil- lage school.