Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/399

SALTBURN. 387 SALTERSTOWN. six aldermen, recorder, town clerk, and freemen, with the style of the "council of the borough of Saltash." The mayor is water coroner over all the liberties of the Tamar water, as well as coroner for the town. The property of the oyster fishery to the mouth of the Tamar, except between Candlemas and Easter, with river dues for anchorage, buoyage, and salvage, and a right of ferry, is vested in the corporation. From the reign of Ed- ward VI. it returned two members to parliament till disfranchised by the Reform Act. It contains only about 1,900 inhabitants, but is an improving place, and has recently been greatly enlarged. The town, which consists principally of three narrow streets irregularly formed, is built on a steep rocky acclivity rising abruptly from the western bank of the river Tamar, which is here crossed by a steam ferry bridge free to the inhabitants. Tho houses in the older part of the town are in general of ancient appearance, but an entirely new town has risen up within the last few years at Port View. The corporation have recently reformed the paving and sewage of the town, which was formerly defective. There are still some extensive malting establishments, for which the place was formerly celebrated, but the chief industries are now connected with the fisheries and the coasting trade. It is also considered as a nursery for seamen for the royal navy. Many of the women are employed in the cockle and mussel fisheries, and are celebrated for their achievements as rowers, having won prizes at many regattas. The principal public buildings are the townhall, called Tamar Hull, built on pillars, and used for assemblies and exhibitions as well as municipal purposes ; conduit for the supply of the town with water, and a tubular bridge constructed by Brunei, by which the railway is carried across the Tamar at such an elevation as to allow of the largest ships passing beneath it. There is a mechanics' institute with library attached, but the lectures are held in the townhall. It forms a Poor-law "Union of itself, maintaining its own poor. The great tithes belong to the Dean and Canons of Windsor, by whom they are leased to a lay proprietor. The glebe comprises about 4 acres, besides 7 acres belong- ing to the mother church of St. Stephen's. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dice, of Exeter, val. 120. The church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is an ancient structure with a massive tower. Tho parish church of St. Stephen's is about 1J mile from Saltash. The Bap- tists and Wesleyans have each a place of worship. There are National schools for boys and girls, both at Saltash and St. Stephen's, partially endowed. The charities produce about 60 per annum. From Trema- ton Castle, about a mile from the town, a view is obtained over the surrounding country and the shores of the bay. Market days are Tuesday and Saturday, also quarterly great markets on the Tuesday preceding each quarter day. Fairs are held on 2nd February and 25th July for cattle, and on 26th July for pleasure. SALTBURN, a vil. in the par. of Rosskeen, co. Ross and Cromarty, 3 miles W. of Inver-Gordon, near the northern shore of the Frith of Cromarty. SALTBURN-BY-SEA, a hmlt. in the par. of Brotton, lib. of East Langbaurgh, North Riding co. York, 6 miles N.E. of Guisborough. It is situated on the coast, and is the terminus of the Stockton and Darlington section of the North-Eastern railway. It was until recently an insignificant village, wholly inhabited by fishermen, but has considerably improved since the opening of the railway. SALTBY, a par. in the hund. of Framland, co. Leicester, 9 miles N.E. of llelton-Mowbray, its post town. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the Saltway, and is wholly agricultural. The small river Eye rises in this parish. There is also a mineral spring. The living is a vie. consolidated with that of xton, in the dioc. of Peterborough. The church, dodicated to St. Peter, is an ancient structure, with a square pinnacled tower. Near the church is a cross of K" ;it antiquity. Tho parochial charities produce about 6 per annum. Tho Wesleyans have a place of worship. VOL. III. The Belvoir hounds meet in this parish. The Duke of Rutland is lord of the manor. SALTCOATS, a seaport town in the pars, of Ardros- san and Stevenston, co. Ayr, Scotland, 7 miles W. of Irvine, and 1 mile S.E. of Ardrossan. It has a station on the Ardrossan branch of the Glasgow and South- western railway. It is a sub-port to Irvine, and a bathing place on the Frith of Clyde. It was created a burgh of barony by James II., but having become decayed wasrefounded in 1684 by Sir R. Cunningham, who also built the harbour. The salt trade is still carried on, but not to its former magnitude. The site of the town is low, and its appearance unattractive. During the French war it was the seat of an extensive trade, and shipbuilding was carried on with great spirit, but its commerce is now nearly confined to the importa- tion of timber and the exportation of coals to Ireland. A large portion of the inhabitants are employed in cotton weaving, and there are extensive chemical works. The townhall, surmounted by a steeple, is a prominent object when approaching the town. There are a savings- bank, and a branch office of the Ayrshire bank. The places of worship comprise an Established church, a Free church, three churches for the United Presby- terians, and a Baptist meeting-house. There are Free, parochial, and Sabbath schools, also several benefit societies. A fair for cattle is held the last Thursday in May. SALTEE ISLANDS, in the bar. of Bargy, cp. Wex- ford, prov. of Leinster, Ireland. They consist of a group of two islands, distinguished as Great and Little, and several outstanding rocks. They are situated about 4 miles off the coast in the parish of Kilmore, and are the property of II. Morgan, Esq. Traces of numerous buildings suggest that the islands have been formerly of greater importance. Beyond the rocks is a floating light, visible at a distance of 9 miles. SALTER-BRIDGE, a hmlt. in the bar. of Coshmore, co. Waterford, Ireland, 2 miles from Cappoquin, and 26 W. of Waterfbrd, on the rirer Blackwater. SALTERFORD, a manor in the par. of Calverton, co. Notts, 6 miles N.E. of Nottingham. SALTERFORTH, a tnshp. in the par. of Barnolds- wick, E. dir. of Staincliff wap., West Riding co. York, 7J miles S.W. of Skipton. It is situated on the Leeds and Liverpool canal, and included the common called Whitsmoor, the greater part of which was enclosed in 1815. The village stands on the bank of the canal. SALTER-HEBBLE, a vil. and eeclesiastical district in the tnshp. of Skircoat, and par. of Halifax, West Riding co. York, 1 mile S. of Halifax, of which it may be considered a suburb. It is a populous place, contain- ing in 1861 4,258 inhabitants. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 160, in the patron, of the crown and bishop alternately. The church is modern. See HALIFAX. SALTERNESS. See SOUTHERNESS, co. Kirkcud- bright. SALTERNS, GREAT, an ext. par. place in the hund. of Portsdown, co. Hants, 3 miles N.E. of Ports- mouth. It is situated on Langston harbour, and con- tains some ancient saltworks, which employ the principal part of the inhabitants. SALTERSFORD, a chplry. in the par. of Prestbury, hund. of Macclesfield, co. Chester, 4 miles N.E. of Macclesfield. It is situated near the river Bollin, and line of the Manchester railway. Some of the inhabitants are employed in the neighbouring silk and cotton mills. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Chester, val. 70, in the patron, of the Vicar of Prestbury. The church was erected in 1731. This place gives the title of baron to the family of Stopford, earls of Courtown. SALTERSTOWN, a par. in the bar. of Ferrard, co. Louth, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 3 miles S.E. of Castle- Bellingham. Dunleer is its post town. It is situated on Dundalk Bay. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Armagh, val. with Dunany, 116. The par. is joined to Dysart and Clonmore in the Roman Catholic arrange-