Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/411

SAKE. 399 SATTERTHWAITE. post town. It is situated on the river Hamblc, and includes Swanwick and Warsash. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Winchester, val. 120, in the patron, of the Vicar of Titchfield. SAEK, SEEK, SERQ, SERCQ, or CERQ, one of the Channel Islands, 65 miles E. of Guernsey, within which bailiwick it is included. It lies in N. lat. 49 25' 3", and W. long. 2 22' 45", and consists of Great and Little Sark, united by a dangerous coupe'e, or neck, 8 yards long, and 5 feet broad, along which is a footpath 200 feet above the sea. It is supposed by some to be the Sarnia mentioned by Autonine, an hypothesis confirmed by the similarity of name and the discovery of Eoman coins in 1719. There are traces of a monastery founded in the 6th century by St. Magliore, the site of which was given by Queen Eliza- beth in 1565 to the Carteret family. Abrupt cliffs, from 200 to 300 feet in height, bound it on all sides, often hol- lowed out by the waves into caves, as at Gosselin- Havre, 1'Eperquerie Bay, and Le Creux cove, where there is a funnel cave much visited by tourists. The island is separated from Guernsey by the Herm and the Great and Little Eussell, channels through which the tides run strong. It extends about 3 miles in length, with a vary- ing breadth of from 1| mile to a few yards. The surface is elevated, but everywhere intersected by deep valleys. The underlying rocks are chiefly greenstone and granite, but the soil is fertile, producing grain, fruit, potatoes, parsnips, good grass, and apples, from which excellent cider is made. Seaweed supplies an abundance of manure ; and several mines of lead and copper, the former mixed with silver, have been opened. The inhabitants mostly combine agriculture with fishing, the land being let out to forty copyhold tenants ; but some few are engaged in the mines, and others in the manufacture of stockings, gloves, and Guernsey jackets, which are exported to Bristol. It is governed by the " Seigneur," under whom a seneschal carries out the laws and local regulations made by a majority of the tenants. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Winchester, val. 80, in the patron, of the " Seigneur." The church is a Norman structure dedicated to St. Peter. Around the coast are numerous small islands and rocks, as Marchande, or Brecghou, on the E. separated by the Gulion strait, 1'Etat de Sark on the 8., and the Buron isles on the S.E. SARK, a stream of the co. of Dumfries, Scotland. It rises in Canobie, and flows 12 miles to the Sol way Frith near Gretna, on the English border. SARKFOOT, a vil. in the par. of Gretna, or Graitney, co. Dumfries, Scotland, 1J mile S. of Springfield, and 8J miles E. of Annan. It is a small port situated at the confluence of the river Sark with the Solway Frith, and has a harbour for vessels of 1 20 tons. 8ARN, signifying " a ridge," is prefixed to many Welsh and British names of sandbanks and roads, as Sarn-Gynfelyn, Sara-Helen, Saru-Hir, Sarn-Swys, &c. SARNESFIELD, a par. in the hund. of Wolphy, co. Hereford, 2 miles S. W. of Weobley, its post town, and 10 from Leominster. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the road from Hereford to Kingtou and Aberystwith, near Lady Lift. The inhabitants are wholly agricultural. The land is partly in hop grounds. The soil consists of a strong loam upon a subsoil of clay. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Hereford, val. 203. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an ancient tone structure, with a tower containing three bells. The interior of the church contains an effigy of Abel, the architect, who built Hereford market-house. J. Alkwright, Esq., is lord of the manor. SA 1 ; 1 ; ATT, a par. in the hund. of Cashio, or lib. of St. Allan's, co. Herts, 3J miles N.W. of Ricknmnsworth,and N.W. of Watford railway station. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on an eminence near the small river Sarratt, or Chess. The surface is hilly, and tlio soil gravelly. The land is partly in common. A portion of the inhabitants are employed in the manufac- ture of paper. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of 300, and the glebe comprises 50 acres. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 243. The church, dedicated to the Holy Cross, is an ancient cruciform structure with a low square tower. The interior of the church contains a piscina, stalls, &c. The parochial charities produce about 21 per annum, which goes to Day's almshouses. The Baptists have a place of worship. SARRE, a vil. locally in the hund. of Ringslow, or Isle of Thanet, lathe of St. Augustine, co. Kent, 8 miles S.W. of Margate, its post town, 8 J N.E. of Canterbury, and 2 N.E. of Grove Ferry railway station. The village, which is small, derives its name from an ancient ford on the river Stour, which at low water was passable from the Isle of Thanet to the mainland. It is situated on the South-Eastern railway, and on the road from Canterbury to Ramsgate. It once carried on a con- siderable trade, and still belongs to Sandwich cinque ?ort, but declined on the failure of the river Wantsune. t was formerly a parish designated in old documents St. Giles at Serre, but now forms part of St. Nicholas, Sandwich. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agricultural pursuits. SARSDEN, a par. in the hund. of Chadlington, co. Oxford, 3 miles S.W. of Chipping Norton, its post town, and 10 from Burford. The village, which is inconsider- able, is wholly agricultural. In the vicinity is a camp of Saxon or Danish origin, supposed to have been formed by the army of Canute, who here defeated Edmund Ironside in 1016. The tithes were commuted for land and corn-rents under an Enclosure Act in 1787. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Oxford, val. 262. The church is an ancient edifice. The parochial charities produce about 58 per annum, of which 53 goes to a school. Sarsden House is the principal residence. J. II. Langston, Esq. , is lord of the manor. SAESON, a tythg. in the par. of Amport, co, Hants, 4 miles W. of Andover. SARTJ11, NEW. See SALISBUEY, co. Wilts. SAEUM, OLD, an ext. par. place in the par. of Stratford-under-the-Castle, co Wilts. See SALISBIAY. SASCOTT, a tnshp. in the par. of Pontesbury, co. Salop, 4 miles W. of Salisbury. SATCHELL, a tythg. in the par. of Hound, co. Hants, 3 miles S.E. of Southampton. It is in conjunc- tion with Hound. SATLEY, a tnshp. and chplry. in the par. of Lan- chester, W. div. of Chester ward, co. Durham, 5 miles N.E. of Wolsingham, and 11 N.W. of Durham. Dar- lington is its post town. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the road from Durham to Wol- singham. The inhabitants are chiefly agricultural. The soil consists principally of clay. The tnshp. in- cludes the limits, of Butsfield, Cornsay, Hedleyhope, and Satley. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Durham, val. 300, in the patron, of the bishop. The register dates from 1797. There is an endowed school for both sexes. SATTEELEIGH, a par. in the hund. of South Molton, co. Devon, 4 miles S.W. of South Molton, its post town, and about the same distance N.W. of South Molton Eoad railway station. The village, which is small, is situated on the river Mole, and is wholly agricultural. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of 67, and the glebe comprises 28 acres. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 113. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is an ancient edifice, restored in 1852. M. Byne, Esq., is lord of the manor. SATTERTHWAITE, a tnshp. and chplry. in the par. of Hawkshead, hund. of Lonsdale North of the Sands, co. Lancaster, 4 miles S.W. of Hawkshead. Milnthorpe is its post town. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on a branch of the river Leaven, and is chiefly agricultural. A portion of the inhabitants are engaged in the bobbin mills at Cunsey. The tnshp. includes the hmlts. of Dale-Park, Force Forge, Grize- dale, and Lower Graythwaite. There is a large extent of coppice wood, formerly used for the smelting of iron- ore. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Car- lisle, val. 120. The church has a square tower con- taining one bell, and was enlarged and rebuilt in 1835.