SHANDWICK. 431 SHANNON. SHANDWICK, a vil. in the par. of Nigg, co. Boss, Scotland, 7 miles S.E. of Tain. In the vicinity are gome Danish pillars with traces of Runic inscriptions. SHANE'S CASTLE, a seat of Viscount O'Neill, in the co. of Antrim, Ireland, 2 miles N.W. of Antrim. It is situated on Maine Water and Lough Neagh, and was accidently burnt in 1816. SHANGAN, or SHANAGARRY, a post-office vil. in the bar. of Imokilly, co. Cork, prov. of Munater, Ireland, 4 miles S.E. of Cloyne. SHANGANAGH CASTLE, the seat of Sir G. Coek- burn, co. Dublin, Ireland, near Bray. It contains a collection of ancient works of art, and has in its grounds a cromlech supported on four upright stones, the head stone being 9 feet long by GJ broad. SHANGTON, or SHANKTON, a par. in the bund. of Gartree, co. Leicester, 6 miles N.W. of Market-Har- borough, its post town. The village, which consists of a few farmhouses, is situated on the river Welland, near the Gartree road, or Via Devana. It is wholly agricultural. Shangton Holt is famed as a cover for foxes. The hundred court was formerly held at a spot called Gar- tree Bush, about half a mile from the church. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Peterborough, val. 347. The church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is an ancient edifice, with a turret containing two bells. Sir Charles Edmund Isham, Bart., is lord of the manor. SHAN ID, a bar. in the co. of Limerick, prov. of JIunster, Ireland. It contains the pars, of Dunmoylan, Kilcolman, Kilfergus, Kilmoylan, Loghill, Rathronan, Robertstown, Shanagolden, and parts of Ardagh, Kil- bradan, Nantenan, and Newcastle, with the town of Glin. SHANKEND, a station on the North British railway, 7 miles from Hawick. SHANKILL, a par. in the bar. of Lower Iveagh, co. Down, and O'Neilland East, co. Armagh, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 3 miles N.W. of Moira. It contains the post town of Lurgan, and the loughs Lurgan and Neagh. The surface consists of a fertile and well-tilled soil. The road from Belfast to Enniskillen passes through the interior. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Dromore, val. 648, in the patron, of the bishop. The church, situated at Lurgan, was erected in 1712, and subsequently enlarged and repaired, partly by the aid of the late Board of First Fruits. The Roman Catholic chapel is also situated in Lurgan. There are likewise Presbyterian and Methodist meeting-houses, besides five public and several private schools. Lurgan House is the residence of the Right Honourable Charles Brownlow. SHANKILL, or ST. KILL, a par. in the bar. of Gowran, co. Kilkenny, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 3 miles N.W. of Goreabridge. Bagnalstown is its post town. It is situated on the road to Kilkenny, near the river Barrow, and comprises the vil. of Paulston. There is a police station. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Leighlin, val. 325, in the patron, of the crown and bishop. There is a Roman Catholic chapel united to that of Grange Silvao, also a National school at Bomafea. Shankill Castle and Kellymount are the principal resi- dences. SHANKILL, a limit, in the par. of Old Connaught, co. Dublin, Ireland, 2i miles from Bray. It is a station on the Dublin, Wicklow, and Wexford railway. The hill of Shunkill rises about 900 feet above sea-level, near the borders of Wicklow. SHANKILL, a par. in the bar. of Roscommon, co. Roscommon, prov. of Connaught, Ireland, 1 mile W. of Elphin, its post town. The surface is mostly in pasture and bog. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Elphin, val. with Ardclare, 162, in the patron, of the bishop. The church is in ruins. There are a Roman Catholic and a school. Mantua is the chief seat.
- ANKILL, a par. in the bars, of Upper and Lower
st, co. Antrim, prov. of Ulster, Ireland. It contains I the town of Belfast (which see). SHAN KLIN, a par. and post town in the lib. of East Jit dina, Isle of Wight, co. Hants, 8| miles S.E. of New- port, and 4 N. of Ventnor. It is a station on the Islo of Wight railway. The village is situated on Sandown Bay, sheltered by lofty downs, which nearly enclose it on two sides. It is mentioned in Domesday Survey as held by Gosselin Fitz-Azor. It is a coastguard station and bathing-place greatly resorted to during the summer season. In the vicinity is Shanklin Chine, a gigantic chasm in the lofty cliffs, extending down to the shore 90 feet in depth, partially overgrown with trees, shrubs, and brushwood, and refreshed by a mineral spring which falls through it. The neighbourhood abounds with attrac- tive scenery, especially on the way to Boniface Down. This parish originally formed part of that of Bradiug, but was separated in the reign of Stephen, when the church was founded by Geoffrey de L'lsle. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Winchester. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, is a cruciform structure of the 12th century, with the exception of the two transepts, which were erected in 1859 at the expense of the vicar. The interior contains an oak chest, curiously carved with a Latin inscription, dated 1512, also a piscina and several monuments to the Hill and Popham families. There is a National school for both sexes. The Independents and Bible Christians have each a place of worship. SHANLISS, or SHENLESH, a par. in the bar. of Ardee, co. Louth, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 2 miles S. W. of Ardee, its post town. The surface consists of a good soil, and is all under cultivation. The road from Kells to Navan passes through the parish. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Armagh, val. with Ardee, 898, in the patron, of the primate. The parish is united with Ardee in the Roman Catholic arrangement. Shanlis House ia the principal seat. SHANNON, the largest river in Ireland, and also in the British Isles, has a course of 224 miles from its source in Cavan till it empties itself into the Atlantic below Limerick. It is available for purposes of navi- gation for 143 miles, thus opening up a communication to the sea from most of the inland counties, but by adding a branch to Boyle of 9 miles, and one of 6 miles to Strokestown, a total of 158 miles is gained, of which 129 miles, reaching from Killaloe to Leitrim, and in- cluding the two branches, are suitable for largo steamers. Its basin comprises an area of 7,000 square miles, and embraces portions of the counties of Kerry, Cork, Li- merick, Tipperary, Queen's, King's, Wcstmeath, Long- ford, Cavan, Sligo, Roscommon, Galway, and Clare. Its name is said to be an abbreviation of Shcahabhin or Shaiiavon, signifying " the old river." Its source is in a little pond among the Cuilcagh Mountains in Cavan county, whence a small stream flows along a mountain valley, and into Loeh Allen, a small lake about 8 miles long and 4 miles broad in the coal district of Leitrim, before entering which it is joined by the Owenmore and the Dorbally, is 5 to 10 feet deep, and expands to a width of about 50 yards. Issuing from Lough Allen, the river, though containing a considerable body of water, is obstructed by shallows and unfit for navigation ; a canal has, therefore, been made on the Leitrim side from Drumshanbo to Battlebridge. The banks here are partly formed of low alluvial gravel, often flooded, and beds of gravel abound. Patches of bogs, with occasional fertile hills, are also met with. About G miles below Battlebridge the Shannon is joined by the Boyle, a considerable river coming from Loughs Gara and Kay in county Roscommon, which, by the removal of shoals and the construction of a weir and lock near the latter lough, is navigable almost to the town of Boyle. The banks of the Shannon hero are low and much overgrown with long rushes. A quay and harbour have been formed at Camphill on Shannon, immediately below which the river is smooth, and overhung with high gravel cliffs. A small expansion called Corry Lough occurs 2 miles lower down. At Jamestown, 2 miles below this point, there is a shallow bend, to avoid which it was considered advisable to cut a short canal, in which a lock occurs 110 feet long and 30 feet broad. After passing Drumsna the river flows in a strong deep current, but soon widens into some small fluviatile
