Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/531

STALHAM. 519 STAMFORD. Salford, co. Lancaster, 2 miles V. of Ashton, and 8 N.E. of Stockport. It is connected by branch lines with the London and North-Western, the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, and Lancashire and Yorkshire rail- ways. It is a prosperous manufacturing town, situated upon the Tame, under a hill called " Wild Bank," which rises 1,300 feet above sea-level. This place derives its name from the Staveleighs, a family who resided here, and from the bridge over the river, which has recently been rebuilt at an expense of 4,000, and connects the county of Lancaster with that of Chester. The growth of the town has been rapid since 1776, when the first cotton-mill was erected here. The streets are paved and lighted with gas, and there is an abundant supply of good water. The staple trade is in cotton-spinning, but it, and the cloth trade, once predominant, have declined. Large quantities of firebricks are manu- factured. The population of the borough is probably nearly 27,000. It contains a townhall, lock-up, savings- bank, news-room, and two commercial branch banks. The Huddersfield canal passes in the vicinity. There are five churches in the borough, St. Paul's, St. John's, Dukinfield, St. George's, Holy Trinity, and the old chapel of the place, St. George Cockerhill. Market day is Saturday. A fair is held on 5th March. STALHAM, a par. and market town in the hund. of Happing, co. Norfolk, 14 miles N.E. from Norwich, its post town, and 8 S.E. of North Walsham. It is situated near the navigable river Ant, and on the high road from North Walsham to Yarmouth. The town is spacious, and an extensive trade is done in corn, coals, &c., for which there are commodious wharves. A corn hall was erected in 1855. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 180. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is an ancient structure, the tower of which was destroyed by lightning. The interior contains a font and a brass. A new chancel was erected in 1827, and the church was restored in 1854. The register dates from 1560. The parochial charities produce about 49 per annum. There is a National school for both sexes, erected in 1841. The Wesleyans and Baptists have chapels. Stalham Hall is the principal residence. J. C. Webb, Esq., is lord of the manor. STALISFIELD, a par. in the hund. of Faversham, lathe of Scray, co. Kent, 7 miles S.E. of Faversham, its post town, and 3 N. of Charing. The village, which is small, is chiefly agricultural. The land is partly in common and hop-grounds. The living is a vie. * in the dioc. of Canterbury, val. 134, in the patron, of the archbishop. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is an ancient structure, with a tower and spire. W. Rigden, Esq., is owner of the manor. STALLINGBOROCJGH, a par. in the E. div. of Yarborough wap., parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 6 miles N.W. of Great Grimsby, and 8 N.E. of Caistor. It is a station on the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire railway. The village, which is large, is situated near the river Humber. There are a coastguard station, a lighthouse, and a ferry. The par. includes the hmlt. of Little London. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Lin- coln, val. 127, in the patron, of the bishop. The church is dedicated to SS. Peter and Paul. The interior contains tombs of the Ayscough family. The register dates from 1530. There is a school, supported by R. Boucherett, Esq., who is lord of the manor. The Wes- leyans have a place of worship. STALLING-BUSK, a chplry. in the par. of Ays- garth, wap. of Hang- West, North Riding co. York, 4 miles S.E. of Hawes, and 15 S.W. of Middleham, its post town. It is situated on the river TJre, which here forms a cataract. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 86, in the patron, of the Vicar of Aysgarth. ST ALLINGTON, a lib. in the par. of Stone, co. Stafford. STALMINE, a tnshp. in the par. of Lancaster, hund. of Amounderness, co. Lancaster, 4J miles N.E. from Poulton-le-Fvlde, and 7 W. of Garstang. Fleet- wood is its post toVn. The vil. is situated ne:ir Wyre Water. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Manchester, val. 267, in the patron, of the Vicar of Lancaster. The church is dedicated to St. James. C. Bourn, Esq., is lord of the manor and principal land- owner. STAMBOROTJGH, a hmlt. in the par. of Old Cleeve, CO. Somerset, 5 miles S.W. of Watchet. STAMBOURNE, a par. in the hund. of Hinckford, co. Essex, 10 miles N.W. of Halstead, its post town, and 6 N.W. of Sible Hedingham railway station. The vil- lage, which is small, is situated on the river Colne, and is chiefly agricultural. The land is partly in common. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 353, in the patron, of the Duchy of Lancaster. The church, dedicated to St. Thomas, is an ancient structure, with a square tower containing five bells. The paro- chial charities produce about 9 per annum, besides a share with Finchingfield. There is a National school. The Independents have a place of worship. STAMBRIDGE, GREAT, a par. in the hund. of Rochford, co. Essex, U mile N.E. of Rochford, its post town, and 5 miles from Southend. TheviL, which is small, is chiefly agricultural. The par. includes part of Wal- lisea Island. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 600, in the patron, of the Charter- house, London. The church is dedicated to St. Mary and All Saints. The children of this parish have the privilege of attending the National school at Rochford. STAMBRIDGE, LITTLE, a par. in the hund. of Rochford, co. Essex, 6 miles from Rayleigh, and 2 N.E. of Rochford, its post town. The village, which is small, is wholly agricultural. There is an extensive brewery. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 177. The church is an ancient structure, consisting of nave and chancel. The parochial charities produce about 12 per annum. STAMFORD, a tnshp. in the par. of Emblcton, S. div. of Bambrough ward, co. Northumberland, 4 miles N.E. of Alnwick. STAMFORD, or NEWSTED, a market and sessions town and municipal and parliamentary borough, locally in the wap. of Ness, parts of Kesteven, co. Lincoln, 12 miles N.W. of Peterborough, 44 S. of Lincoln, and 89 N. of London by road, or 82 by the Great Northern railway. It can also be approached by means of the London and North-Western and Great Eastern rail- ways. The town, which is of great antiquity, is situated near the borders of the county adjoining Northampton and Rutland shires, on the N. bank of the navigable river Welland, here crossed by a bridge of three arches, rebuilt in 1849. The Ermine Street passes near the town on its western side. It is mentioned by Bede, who spells it Stanford, as the place where Hengist first routed the Picts. It subsequently became a stronghold of the Danes, who rebuilt the castle, and made it one of their fif Burgas, or Five Borough towns, and retained pos- session of it till 1041. In the Domesday Survey it is described as a place of considerable importance, having 141 mansions. Near it, on the E., was situated St. Leonard's Benedictine Priory, founded about 658, by Wilfrid, Bishop of York. About the reign of Henry III. a Carmelite monastery was founded hero, and visited at various periods by Edward !., II., and III. ; the outer gateway, which still exists, bears the arms of the last-named monarch. Colleges or schools were supported by different monasteries in the town and neighbourhood. Brasenose College owed its origin to a secession from Oxford in 1333. The castle was demolished in the reign of Richard II. It was frequently visited by suc- ceeding sovereigns, and Cecil, in 1566, hero entertained Queen Elizabeth at the Blackfriary, which had now become the property of his family, together with the manor or honours of Burleigh House, about 1J mile S. of the town, and at present the seat of the Marquis of Exeter. The borough has occasionally returned two members to parliament from the reign of Edward I., but regularly since Henry VIII., the chief influence being with the Marquis of Exeter. On the passing of tha Reform Act the bounds were enlarged so as to indued,