NEWTON. 47 NEWTON". of Levisham. It is situated on the Whitby railway, near Newton Dale. The inhabitants are principally employed in agriculture. The soil is of a sandy nature, with limestone intermixed. The subsoil is of limestone rock and greystone. The charities consist of an annuity of 3 for the support of aged widows. There is a chapel- of-ense, also a parochial school for both sexes, with a small endowment bequeathed by Richard Poad in 1726. The Sunday-schools are held at the chapel-of-ease. The Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists have each a place of worship. The Rev. R. Hill is lord of the manor. N KWTON, a limit, in the par. of Ledsham, ward of Upper Barkstone-Ash, West Riding co. York, 5 miles N. of Pontefract. NEWTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Slaidburn, V. div. of the wap. of Staincliff, West Riding co. York, 7 miles N. of Clitheroe, and 15 S.W. of Settle. It is situated on the river Ilodder. There is a National school for both sexes, in which Divine service is performed on Sundays. NKWTON, a hmlt. in the par. of Wakefield, West Riding co. York, 2 miles from Wakefield. NEWTON. See NEWTON-MOOH, co. Chester. NEWTON, a par. in the N.E. district of co. Edin- burgh, Scotland, 5 miles S.E. of Edinburgh. It com- prises the vils. of Slillerhill, Easter-Millerhill, Wester- Jlillerhill, Adamsrow, Claybarns, Edmonstone, New Engine, Old Engine, Sheriffhall Engine, Pentecox, Redrow, and Squarctown. It extends about 2& miles in length from S.E. to N.W., and is upwards of 1J mile in extreme breadth. The surface is in general flat, and a large portion is under cultivation. The collieries, which are very productive, have been worked for 250 years, but some of them have been recently abandoned, and a decrease in the population has followed. A circular camp exists at Kaim-Hill. The village is situated on the river North Esk, and near the Dalkeith railway. The parish is traversed by the roads from Edinburgh, Li'ith, and Musselburgh, to Dalkeith. This par. is in thr presb. of Dalkeith, and synod of Lothian and Tweed- diile. The minister has a stipend of 290. The parish church was erected in 1742, and was reseated in 1819. There are parochial and other schools. NKWTON, a vil. in the par. of Glammis, co. Forfar, Scotland, 8 miles N. of Dundee. It is sometimes desig- nated Ncwton-of-Glammia. NKWTON, a vil. in the par. of Wiston, co. Lanark, Scotland, 9 miles S.W. of Lanark. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in the limestone works. It is situated near the confluence of the rivers Roberton and Garf with the Tweed. NKWTON, a vil. in the par. of Panbride, co. Forfar, Scotland, 5 miles S.W. of Arbroath. It is situated on the coast, near the Dundee railway. It is sometimes designated Newton-of-Panbride. The inhabitants are chirlly i'ii tinged in the bleach-works and in the fisheries. NEWTON, a vil. in the island of Great Cumbrae, co. Bute, Scotland, 2 miles W. of Fnirlie, in Ayrshire. It ' a portion of the small bathing town of Slillport, at tin mouth of the Frith of Clyde. NKWTON, a vil. in the par. of Kirkpatrick-Fleming, 1 'urn fries, 7 miles W. by N. of Longtown. It is of t oritrin. X K WT< )N, a vil. in the par. of Melrose, co. Roxburgh, Si-otland, 1 mile N.W. of Lessudden, and 3J miles S. I :. of It is situated at the foot of the Eildon hills,
- hi' 1'iink (if the Tweed, and on the road from Gala-
thirls In ,Ii illilirgh. NKWTON, a quondam vil. in the par. of Nenthorn,
- .'"xlmrgh, Scotland, 4 miles N.W. of Kclso. It is
I near the ri' .md Lurgie Loch. NKWTON, or NITTON.u vil. in the par. of Mearns,
- .'"iil'n'w, Si-utland, I miles K. of Ncilston, and 3
N.W. of Eaglesham. It is a burgh of barony, .and is an improving manufacturing village. N KWT< iN, ii vil. in the par. of TJrquhart, co. Nairn,
- y in Ross, Scotland. It is situated near Dingwall,
68 N.E of Hint; wall. It is situated near the river i shore of the Firth of Croiuarty. NEWTON, a vil. in the par. of i'encaitland, co. Ha33ington, Scotland, 4 m'ilcs S.E. of Tranent. It is situated near the river Tync. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in the collieries, and in the quarries of limestone and freestone. The surface is thick ly wooded, and the soil in general wet and clayey, and but indifferently cultivated. NEWTON, a vil. in the par. of Abercorn, co. Linlith- gow, Scotland, 6 miles E. of Linlithgow. NEWTON, a suburb of the burgh of Kirkcaldy, co. Fife, Scotland, 15 miles S. by V. of Cupar. It chiefly comprises one street, the formation of which was begun in 1790. It is situated in Kirkcaldy Bay, on the farther side of the Frith of Forth, of which it commands a good view. NEWTON, a vil. in the par. of Falkland, co. Fife, Scotland, 2 miles from Falkland, and 24 N. of Edin- burgh. NEWTON, a suburb of the burgh of Cupar, par. of Cupar, and Howe of Fife, co. Fife, Scotland, 32 miles from Edinburgh. It is situated in a healthy spot near the rivers Eden and Ladyburn. NEWTON, a vil. in the par. of Bedrule, co. Roxburgh, Scotland, 4 miles W. of Jedburgh. It is situated on the E. side of the river Rule, and formerly belonged to tho Ker family. In tho vicinity is the lofty mountain Dunian. NEWTON, or NEWTON ABBOT, a market town comprising the twin towns of Newton Abbot and New- ton Bushell, the former in the par. of Wolborough, and hund. of Haytor, and the latter in the par. of High- week, and hund. of Teignbridge, co. Devon, 5 miles W. by N. of Teignmouth, and 16 S. by W. of Exeter. It is a station on the South Devon railway. It is connected with the seaport of Teignmouth by the river Teign, which is here joined by the Lemon, a small river sepa- rating Newton Abbot from Newton Bushell, the former being on the right, and the latter on the left bank of the stream. In the neighbourhood are several high and steep hills, and from All Saints churchyard, about a mile from the town, a view is commanded of the valley of the Teign, with the sea at Teignmouth in the distance bounding the horizon. The town, which consists of seve- ral irregularly-arranged streets, has been much improved within the last few years. Tho principal streets are paved and lighted with gas, and the town is well supplied with water, but the drainage is still imperfect. The principal buildings are, the townhall, or courthouse, a commodious modem structure ; the market-house, erected in 1826 ; the union workhouse, built at the cost of 13,000, and situated in East-street ; two commercial banks ; tho Globe Hotel, with entrance portico, containing spacious ball and assembly rooms. This last building is situated in Courtenay-street, and was built by the Earl of Devon, at a cost of .6,000. At the top of Wolborough-street, near the ancient tower of the chapel, is a stone pedestal with an inscription commemorative of the reading of tho declaration of William Prince of Orange, afterwards William III., on his first landing at Torbay. There are several hotels and inns, a large tannery, iron-foundries, breweries, malting establishments, and flour-mills. Along the river bank are several convenient wharves, principally used for the loading and unloading of corn, coal, culm, timber, slate, and potters' and pipe clay, of which last above 6,000 tons are annually exported to tho Staffordshire and other potteries. The Newfoundland trade, which was formerly carried on with so much success, has entirely ceased, but an active business is done in cattle, corn, and agricultural produce, this being one of the largest markets in tho county. The town is governed by the county magistrates, the portreeves, and other officers, who are chosen annually at the courts lai-l and baron for the separate manors of Newton Abbot and Newton Bushell, exercising only a nominal jurisdiction. Petty sessions arc held on the last Tuesday of each month at the townhall, where also county courts sit monthly. Tho poor's guardians meet ererjj Wed- y. The Newton Poor-law Union comprises 40 parishes. It is also the seat of a superintendent registry. A short canal of 2J miles has been cut from the rivei
