Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/675

TINTERN. 663 TIPPERART. residence of several of the Norman kings, but subse- quently became a state prison for the Duchy of Corn- wall. Near the shore are slate quarries, in which are found those polygonal crystals called " Cornish dia- monds." The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 220, in the patron, of the dean and canons of Windsor. The church, dedicated to St. Symphorian, has several stained windows, and was thoroughly re- stored in 1854. There is a National school for both sexes. The Wesleyans, Association Methodists, and Bible Christians have chapels. The Prince of Wales, as Duke of Cornwall, is lord of the manor. There were formerly two chapels-of-ease in the parish. A fair for cattle occurs at Trevena on the Monday follow- ing the 18th October. TINTERN, a. par. in the bar. of Shelburne, co. Wex- ford, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 4 miles N. of Fethard, its post town. The surface, which is boggy, in parts consists of productive soil. The parish is crossed by the road from Wexford to Duncannon Fort, and is traversed on the N.E. by the river Blackwater. It includes part of the harbour of Bannow Bay. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Ferns, val. with Owendufi', 92. The church was built in 1818, partly by means of a loan from the late Board of First Fruits. In the Roman Catholic arrangement this parish is the head of a union. There are public and private schools, and a police station. The chief residences are Tintern and Thorld, or Tallough. Here are the ruins of Tintern Castle, founded in 1200 by William Earl of Pembroke, the tower of which serves as a sea-mark. In the old chapel adjoining the castle is a monument to Sir Anthony Colclough, captain of the Band of Gentlemen Pen- sioners in the reign of Henry VIII. Fairs are held on 24th March, 12th May, 2nd October, and llth November. TINTERN ABBEY, a ruin in the par. of Chapel Hill, co. Monmouth, 3.J miles N. of Chepstow. See CHAPBL HILL. TINTERN PARVA, a par. in the upper div. of Ragland hund., co. Monmouth, 4J miles N. of Chep- stow, and 8 from Monmouth. The village is on the river Wye, near Tintern Abbey. There are iron works. The living is a rect. in the dioc of Llandaff, val. 162. The church, dedicated to St. Michael, is paved with frag- ments of monumental flagstones from Tintern Abbey. The parochial charities produce about 19 per annum. TINTINHULL, a hund., co. Somerset, containo the pars, of Ilchestcr, Kingston, Montacute, Northover, Stoke-under-Humdon, Thome-Coffin, and Tintinhull, comprising 7,450 acres. TINTINHULL, a par. in the hund. of the same name, co. Somerset, 4 miles from Yeovil, its post town, and 2J S.W. of Ilchester. The village is on the navi- gable river Ivil, and the ancient Fosse Way. The soil is clayey, with a subsoil of clay. Stock-Dennis, now a tything in this parish, was anciently populous. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Bath and Wells, val. 90. The church, dedicated to St. Margaret, con- tains a brass of a priest bearing date 1464. General Arbuthnot is lord of the manor and principal land- owner. TINTWISTLE, a tnshp. in the par. of Mottram-in- Longdendale, hund. of Macclesfield, co. Chester, 10 miles N.E. from.Stockport, its post town. It is a sta- tion on the Sheffield and Manchester railway, and is situated on the western bank of the river Etherow, and is divided into the hmlts. of Tintwistle, Micklehurst, Arnfield, and Woodhead. The village is lighted with gas. There are cotton and woollen manufactories, and stone quarries. Here is situated the reservoir containing 400,000 cubic yards, for the supply of water to Man- chester, 13 miles distant. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Chester, val. 200, in the patron, of trustees. The church, dedicated to Christ, is modern. There are National and British schools for both sexes, and a Sunday-school, in which the Tintwistle me- chanics' institute is held, besides several other societies. The Independents and Wesleyans have chapels. TINWALD, a par. in the district of Nithsdale, co. Dumfries, Scotland. It contains the vils. of Amisfield, Kirkland, and Townland, and part of the ancient par. of Trailflat. It extends in length about 6J miles from 8. to N., with an extreme breadth of 4 miles, and is bounded by Kirkmahoe, Kirkmichael, Lochinaben, Tor- thorwald, and Dumfries. The surface is moderately flat, and was formerly wooded. Its northern part is watered by the river Ae. The prevailing rocks are greywacke and greywacke-slate. On Barshall Hill is a British fort. The parish is traversed by the road from Dumfries to Moffiit. The village, which is about 4 miles N. of Dumfries, is situated on the Ae and Lochar Waters, and on the old Roman way to Brunswark. Paterson, the projector of the banks of England and Scotland, und of the Darien expedition, was born at Skipmiro Farm in 1660. This par. is in the presb. and synod of Dumfries. The stipend of the minister is about 250. The parish church was erected in 1763. There are two parochial schools. The principal seats are Tinwald House, Amisfield, and Glenae. TIN WELL, or TYNWELL, a par. in the hund. of East, co. Kutland, 2 miles S.W. of Stamford railway station, its post town, and 91 from London. The village is at the confluence of the rivers Chater and Welland, which separate the county of Rutland from those of Northampton and Lincoln. The par. includes the hmlt. of Ingthorpe. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Peterborough, val. 303. The church, dedi- cated to All Saints, contains tombs of the Cecils and of Hermanus Rainerus. There is a National school built in 1834, with a small endowment. The Marquis of Exeter is lord of the manor. TIPNOAK, a hnnd., co. Sussex, contains the pars, of Albourne, Henfield, and Woodmancote, comprising an area of 9,090 acres. TIPPEL, a stream of co. Northumberland, rises in Scots Coulthard Waste, and joins the South Tyne. TIPPER, a par. in the bar. of North Naas, co. Kildare, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 2 miles S.E. of Naas, its post town. It is crossed by the road from Naas to Blessington. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Dublin, val. with Rathmore, 317, in the patron, of the bishop. There are a public and two private schools. TIPPERARY, an inland co. in the prov. of Munster, Ireland, is bounded N. by Galway and King's co., E. by King's co., Queen's co., and Kilkenny, S. by Water- ford, and W. by Cork, Limerick, Clare, and Galway. It lies between 52 12' and 53 9' N. lat. and 7" 20' and 8 26' W. long. Its greatest length from N. to S. is 70 miles, and from E. to W. 40 miles. The area is 1,659 square miles, or 1,061,731 acres, of which 843,887 are arable, 178,183 uncultivated, 23,779 under continu- ous plantations, 2,359 in towns, and 13,523 underwater. The population in 1841 was 435,553, in 1851 it was 331,567, and in 1861 it had fallen to 249,106. The poor-law valuation in 1851 was 618,148, and the general valuation in 1861 was 670,525. Tho number of persons from this county who emigrated from Irish ports between May, 1851, and December, 1865, with the expressed intention of not returning, was 110,248, or 33 per cent, of the population at the former date. Previous to the English conquest the county seems to have been divided into the kingdoms of Thomond, or North Munster, and Desmond, or South Munster, the princes of each having alternately paramount rule over Munster. On the English invasion in 1172 Henry II., in person, received the submission of the native chiefs, and summoned a council at Cashel, where his authority was recognised by princes and prelates, but on his departure this submission was recalled, and the O'Briens, of Thomond, for a time successfully resisted Strongbow. In 1185 Theobald Walker, a follower of Prince John, obtained a grant of the lands near the Shannon, with the title of Chief Butler of Ireland, which became hereditary, and whence the fimily derives its name. In 1210 Tipperary wad ere>t*l into a county by King John. In 1323 the sixth Chief Butler was created Earl of Ormond, and Edward III. granted to