Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/918

YSCLYDACH. 906 YSTEADVELLTET. the par. of Merthyr-Cynog, co. Brecon, 10 miles N.W. of Brecknock. They are situated among the mountains in the vale of the Yscir stream, which joins the Usk at Aberyscir. YSCLYDACH, a hmlt. and chplry. in the par. of Llywell, 'hund. of Devynnock, co. Brecon, 9 miles W. of Brecknock. It contains Pentre-felin, situated among the hills on the Boman road Via Julia Montana, near the river Usk. YSGNBOR-FAWR, a hmlt. in the par. of Llande- feilog, co. Carmarthen, 4 miles N. of Kidwelly. YSGWYDDGWYN, a hmlt. in the par. of Gelligaer, co. Glamorgan, 6 miles N. of Caerphilly, and 8 S.E. of Merthyr Tydfil. It is situated in a mining district among the hills at the head waters of the rivers Rumney and Clydach. The population has nearly quadrupled in the last ten years, owing to the collieries and mines. YSGWYN, a hmlt. in the par. of Llan-Gathan, co. Carmarthen, 3 miles W. of Llandilo-Fawr. YSPYTTY CYNFYN, a par. in co. Cardigan, 10 miles S.E. of Aberystwith. The village is situated on the Rhayader road, near the confluence of the rivers Castel and Rheidol, which unite in a rocky gorge form- ing a cataract. About half a mile from the village, in a defile, is " Parson's Bridge." There are traces of a hos- pitium, or sanctuary for travellers, from which the village takes the prefix to its name, and in the church- yard are four blocks of stone which once formed part of a Druid circle. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of St. David's, val. 105, in the patron, of the landowners. YSPYTTY EVAN, a par. partly in the hund. of Nant Conway, co. Carnarvon, and partly in that of Isaled, co. Denbigh, 8 miles S.E. of Llanwrst, 7 from Pont-ar- Afon-Garu, and 2 from Pentrovollas. It is situated near the headwaters of the river Conway, which issues from Llyn Conway, a large sheet of water surrounded by hills. The par. includes the tnshps. of Eidda, Tir Evan, and Trebrys, and takes its name from an hospi- tium, or sanctuary for travellers, founded for the Knights Templars in 1159 by Ivan-ap-Rhys. The village subse- quently became the head-quarters of bands of robbers who devastated the district, until checked by Meredydd-ap- Evan. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of St. Asaph, val. 125. The church, originally the chapel of the preceptory, has been rebuilt, and contains three monumental effigies commemorating Rhys-Fawr-ap- Meredydd, Henry VII.'s standard-bearer at the battle of Bosworth, his son and wife. The charities produce about 9 per annum. Fairs are held on 17th March, 21st May, 3rd July, 27th September, 2nd October, and 4th December. YSPYTTY- YSTRAD-MEIRIC, a par. in the upper div. of liar hund., co. Cardigan, 6 miles N.E. of Tregaron. It is situated in the hills, about 2 miles from the source of the river Teifi, which emerges from Llyn Teifi, a mountain lake, while tributary streams issue from three smaller lakes, Llyn-hir, Llyn-y-Gorlan, and Llyn Egnant. A cell formerly existed here belonging to the Abbey of Strata Florida, from which circumstance the village derives its name, Yspytty Ystrad Meiric, signifying "the third hospitium" established in this district, the others being Yspytty Cynfyn and Yspytty Ystwyth. There are also traces of a castle built by Gilbert de Clare, which was fre- quently taken and retaken by the English and Welsh in the 12th century, and was finally demolished by Mallgwyn in 1207, also a hill fort and cairn. The living is a cur. united with Yspytty- Ystwyth. The charities produce about 240, including the Lledrod charity, and the endowment of the grammar school, or "Welsh college founded by Edward Richards in 1767, which has a library attached and an exhibition to St. John's College, Cambridge. A fair is held on 2nd July. YSPYTTY- YSTWYTH, a par. and yil. in the upper div. of liar hund., co. Cardigan, 7 miles N.E. of Tregaron. The village is situated in the upper part of the vale of the Ystwyth, and had anciently a hospitium, as its name implies. The surface is hilly and frequently boggy near the streams. The population is increasing, owing to the development of the mining industry in the valley of the Ystwyth, where are situated the lead mines of Cwm Ystwyth, one of the earliest worked in Cardigan- shire. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of St. David's, val. with that of Yspytty- Ystrad Meiric an- nexed, 90. The church is dedicated to St. John the Baptist. Fairs are held on the Thursday in Whitsun week, the 2nd and 26th of August. YSTRAD, a hmlt. and chplry. in the par. of Llan- dingat, hunds. of Perfedd and Cayo, co. Carmarthen, 2 miles from Llandovery, near the rivers Bren and Towy. YSTRAD, a hmlt. in the par. of Llanegwad, co. Carmarthen, 7 miles E. of Carmarthen. YSTRAD, a hmlt. in the par. of St. Ishmael, co. Carmarthen, 3 miles W. of Kidwelly. YSTRAD, a tnshp. in the par. of Llan- ddewi-brefi, hund. of Penarth, co. Cardigan, 4 miles S.W. of Tre- garon. It is situated near the Roman way Sarn Helen, and is in conjunction with Garth to form a township. YSTRAD, a tnshp. in the par. of Caron-ys-Clawdd, hund. of Penarth, co. Cardigan, 3 miles from Tregaron. It is situated near the river Teifi, and the Sarn Helen way, and includes the hmlt. of Argoed. YSTRAD, a hmlt. in the par. of Llanfihangel-Ystrad, co. Cardigan, 7 miles E. of Aberaeron. Here are situated the Cribyn Clottas dyke or trench, and Maes Mynach stone. YSTRAD-GUNLAIS, a par. in the hund. of Devyn- nock, co. Brecon, 8 miles N. of Neath, and 14 from Swansea. It is situated near the head of the Swansea canal and the river Tawe, here joined by the little river Llech. It is divided into Upper and Lower, and con- tains the chplry. of Capel Coelbren and the hmlts. of Cribarth, Ellen, Garth, Gurnos, Palleg, and Peutrose, with the " Lamb and Flag Inn " at the head of the Swansea canal. At Scwd Hen Rhyd, in the chplry. of Capel Coelbren, the Llech tumbles over the rock at a height of 100 feet, allowing the traveller to pass dryshod under the fall. The coal measures, which in the S. and E. divisions of the coal-fields are bituminous, are here anthracite. The population has of late years increased, owing to the working of the beds of ironstone, anthracite coal, and lime, with which this district abounds. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of St. David's, val. 400. The parish church, dedicated to St. Mary, has several inscribed stones, supposed to be of Roman origin, built into the walls, probably brought from the ancient Nidum, now Neath. There is besides a chapel-of-ease at Capel Coelbren. In this parish are traces of a hermitage or church, called " Cradoc's Church," and several hill forts, cairns, and other antiquities,-including erect fossil coal trees of the class Sigillaria, discovered by Sir W. Logan in the bed of the river. YSTRAD-GWYMR, a tnshp. in the par. of Talyllyn, CO. Merioneth, 6 miles N.W. of Machynlleth. YSTRAD-OWEN, a par. in the hund. of Cowbridge, co. Glamorgan, 2 miles N.E. of Cowbridge. It is a station on the Taff Vale railway. The village is said to have been once the seat of Prince Owen-ap-Gllin, from which circumstance it derives its name. The principal seats are Ashall, Hensol, and Talyfaen Castle. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Llandaff, val. 50, in the patron, of the bishop. The church is dedicated to St. Owain. The charities produce about 12 per annum. YSTRADVELLTEY, a par. in the hund. of Devyn- nock, co. Brecon, 15 miles S.W. of Brecknock. The parish, which is divided into Upper and Lower, contains Pont-neath-Vaughan, and is situated on the Roman way Via Julia Montana, which is joined about 3 miles from the village by the Sarn Helen way, leading from the Vale of Neath to the Gaer, near Brecon. The Mellte, Hepste, and Purthen falls are visited from this place, and near the church a branch of the river Mellte dis- appears and flows underground as far as Porth-yr-Ogof, where the river again emerges through a cavern lined with calcareous spar, about 40 feet high, 20 wide, and 1,800 in length. The living is a cur. united with that of