While he remained on this island, he exhibited his native tenderness of character by the assiduity with which he cared for the sick. Under great disadvantages, he took several prizes, including a valuable Spanish galleon from Acapulco. Finally, with only one vessel left, he crossed the South Sea, doubled the Cape of Good Hope, and favored by good fortune, was hidden by a thick fog as he passed through the French fleet and entered the English Channel. He arrived at Spithead, June 15, 1744, and his accumulated treasure, amounting to £500,000, was landed at Portsmouth, sent up to London, and triumphantly paraded through the city in 32 wagons. He had circumnavigated the globe in three years and nine months, and his perilous cruise greatly extended the knowledge of navigation and geography. It has been described in his Voyage Round the World (editors Walter and Robins, 1748; new edition, 1853). As a reward for his services, Anson was made Rear-admiral of the Blue (1744), and in 1747, having defeated the French Admiral Jonquière, at Cape Finisterre, he was created Baron Soberton, and four years later first lord of the admiralty. In 1761 he was made admiral of the fleet. He died suddenly at Moor Park. Hertfordshire, June 6, 1762. Consult J. Barrow, Life of George, Lord Anson (London, 1839).
ANSON, G. W. (1847—). An English actor, born at Montrose, N. B. He began his career at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, in 1865. After touring in the provincial towns and in America, he made in 1873 his London debut, in Sour Grapes, at the Olympic Theatre, where he was engaged for several years. In 1880, he played Gaston Rieux, in Heartsease, with Madame Modjeska at the Court Theatre and continued in London in various comedy parts till 1885, when he went to Australia for an extended stay. In 1892, he appeared in The Lucky Dog at Terry's Theatre, London. Among his subsequent rôles have been those of Schwarz, in A Bunch of Violets, at the Haymarket (1894); Hilarius, in La Poupée, with Anna Held, at the Lyric Theatre (1887), and Nero, in Quo Vadis, at the Adelphi (1900).
ANSO'NIA. A city in New Haven Co., Conn., 12 miles west by north of New Haven, on the Naugatuck River, and on the Berkshire and Naugatuck divisions of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (Map: Connecticut. C 4). Among the more prominent features of the city are the public library, the Young Men's Christian Association Building, the Opera House, and Burton and Recreation Parks. Ansonia is noted as a manufacturing centre, the products including heavy machinery, rollers for paper-making and wheat-milling, copper, brass, and wire goods, electrical appliances, clocks, etc. The government, under a charter of 1901, is vested in a mayor elected every two years, a municipal council, and administrative officials, the majority of whom are appointed by the mayor with the consent of the council. Settled in 1840, Ansonia was set off from Derby in 1899, and was chartered as a city in 1893. It was named in honor of Anson G. Phelps (q.v.). A prolonged strike in this city, bitterly fought on both sides, led to the election in 1901 of the labor candidates for mayor and all the other important offices. Pop., 1890, 10,342; 1900, 12,681.
ANSPACH, iin'spaG. See Ansbach.
ANSPACH, or ANSBACH, Elizabeth Berkeley, Margravine of (1750-1828). An English dramatic writer. She was a daughter of the Earl of Berkeley, and was married in 1767 to Mr., afterward Lord, Craven, but separated from him thirteen years later. In 1791, she became the wife of the Margrave of Anspach, with whom she had been some time intimately associated at his court. She and her husband were not received, when they came to England, either by her family or by royalty, even after she had been created a countess of the Empire by the German Emperor, Francis II. Her wanderings, after the Margrave's death, in 1806, finally ended at Naples, where she spent her last years. Her literary work included poetry, travels, and the plays: Somnambule (1778); The Silver Tankard, a musical farce (Haymarket, 1781); The Princess of Georgia (Covent Garden, 1799); and Love in a Convent (1805), in which she herself took part. She also wrote the curious Memoirs of the Margravine of Anspach (London, 1825).
AN'STED, David Thomas (1814-80). An English geologist and mining engineer. He was born in London, and received his education at Cambridge. In 1840 he was made professor of geology at King's College in London, and afterward occupied a similar position at the College of Civil Engineering. His works include: Geology, Introductory, Descriptive, and Practical (two volumes. London, 1844); Goldseeker's Manual (London, 1849); The Applications of Geology to the Arts and Manufactures (London,
1865); The World We Live In (London, 1870); the fifth edition of his Physical Geography (edition 1, London, 1867) appeared in 1871.
AN'STER, John (1793-1867). An Irish educator and poet. He was born in Cork County, Ireland, and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, where he was regius professor of civil law (1850-67). He published Poems and Translations from the German (1819); a translation of the first part of Goethe's Faust (1835); Faustus, the Second Part, from the German of Goethe (1864); and contributions to several literary periodicals.
AN'STEY, an'sti, F. See Guthrie, Thomas Anstey.
AN'SWER (A. S. and-, Ger. ant- in Antwort, answer, Gk. uvri, anti, against -)- swerian, to speak, swear). In law, technically the pleading interposed by the defendant to the plaintiff's bill in an action brought in a Court of Chancery. In his answer the defendant may set up any matter of defense to the plaintiff's claim, but in addition he is required to state fully under oath his knowdedge or, if he has no knowledge, his information and belief as to all relevant matters alleged or inquired of in the plaintiff's bill. The method of pleading is technically known as giving discovery, and the information thus obtained may be used as evidence in the plaintiff's favor at the trial. It is subject, however, to the rule of chancery practice, that if unfavorable to the plaintiff it is conclusive unless overcome by two witnesses or by one witness and corroborative circumstances. The plaintiff, however, may avoid this consequence by expressly waiving an answer under oath in his bill. At law, as distinguished from equity, the defendant's pleading is technically known as the plea; but under the modern statutory system of pleading, the term answer is applied indiscriminately to the defend-
