BRACHT. 397 BRACKETTVILLE. light Night in the Desert," and "Nightfall on the Dead Sea," the last, now in the National Gallery in Berlin, being esteemed his best. He is also known as a w.iter-colorist. BRACHVOGEL, briiK'fC.'gfl, Emil (1824-78). A German dramatist and writer of fiction, born in Breslau. lie studied engraving and modeling, but having subsequently turned author, wrote several dramas and a large number of long- winded works of historical fiction. The dramas include Xarciss (1857, 0th ed., 1882), translated into several European languages, on which liis reputation rests. Among liis novels may Im; men- tioned liciwiii (1860); lieaiimarchais (4 vols., ISti.')! : and Ohmcarty (4 vols., 1872). His Xus- (icniihltr Wcrke appeared at Berlin in 1873. BRACHYLOGirS, bra-kll'6-gus (Gk. |3poxi5s, hrachiis, short + X/rtoi, locjos, word). A work containing a systematic exposition of the Roman law, compiled probably in the Twelfth Century, though some assign it to the reign of .Justinian. The earliest extant edition was published at Lyons in 1549. It is based on the Institutes of jiistinian, though it is drawn largely from the Digest and other parts of the Corpus .Juris (q.v.). BRACHYTJRA, brak'i-u'ra. See Cbustacea; Crais. BRACIDAS, brasl-das. In Spenser's Faerie Queriie. the twin brother of Amidas. Lucy, the forsaken love of Amidas, throws herself into the sea and drifts in a floating chest to the island of Bracidas. When the chest is found to contain treasure, it is claimed by Amidas, but the dispute is settled in Lucy's favor by Sir Artegal. BRACK'ENBURY, Sir He:jrt (1837—). An English soldier; director-general of ordnance at the War Office, since 1899. He was born in Lincolnshire. England, and in 1856 joined the Royal Artillery. He served in the Central In- dian campaign (1857-58) and in the Ashanti campaign (1873-74), and was chief of staflT during the Zulu War (1879-80). Svibsequently he was military attache at Paris (1881-82) ; ac- companied the Nile Expeditionary force as dep- uty adjutant-general (1884), and, after the death of General Earle, took command of the River Column. For his services he was made major-general (1885). He became lieutenantr general in 1888, and colonel commandant of the Royal Army in 1897. Sir Henry's puldications incdude Faiiti and Ashanti (1873) ; a Xarrative of the Ashantee War (1874); and The River ■Column (1SS5). BRACK'ENRIDGE, Hentit JIarie (1786- 1S71 I. .
.merican lawyer and author, son of
Hugh Henry Brackenridge (q.v.). He was born in Pennsylvania: practiced law in Maryland, and in 1812 became district judge of Louisiana, in which position he was useful to the Government in the War of 1812, of which he wrote a history. He advocated the acknowledgment of the independ- ence of the South American States, and his pam- phlet on the subject received an ollicial answer from the Spanish Jlinister at Washington. Sul)- sequently he was commissioner to the new repub- lics, and published A Voi/nfie to South Aniericn i 1818). He was judge of the western district of Florida for ten years and then removed to Pitts- burg. Pa. In 1841, he was commissioner under the treaty with Mexico. Besides many essays on various subjects, he published Recollections of Persons and I'laccs in the West (1834), and a Bistorif of the Western Insurrection (1859), written ill viiulication of his father. BRACKENRIDGE, Hion Henry (1748- ISliJ). An American lawyer, politician. Revolu- tionary chaplain, jioet, satirist, and miscellane- ous writer, born at Caiupbelton, Scotland. Brack- enridge was graduated from Princeton in 1771, a classmate of .James Madison. Part of the graduating exercises of that year was a poet- ical dialogue. The Jtisiny (Honj of America, written Ijy Brackenridge in collaboration with Phili]) Freneau (q.v.). and publislied in 1772. For live years he taught at Princeton and in Maryland, writing for his pupils a drama, ifH/iAfr HiU. published in 1776, in which year he went to Philadelphia as editor of the newly founded United States Mayu::ine. Brackenridge, who had studied divinity, then became chaplain in the Revolutionary Army, though never regularly ordained. Six of his Camp Sermons were pub- lished. He soon left the army, however, and, after studying law at Annapolis, was admitted to the bar, moved to Pittsburg, became prominent politically, and in 1786 was sent to the Legisla- ture, lie was active as a mediator in the Whis- ky Insurrection (1794), and wrote, as a defense of his action. Incidents of the Insurrection in, Western Pennsi/lrania (1795), In 1799 he was made judge of the State Supreme Court. The best known of his publications, the only one of jiresent literary interest, is a political prose satire. Modern Chiralry, or the Adcentures of Captain I'arniyo and Teague O'Rcgan. his Ser- vant (1796-1806). Brackenridge died at Carlisle, Pa., June 25, 1816. His miscellaneous verse and prose shows him to have been a man of much versatility and intelligence. BRACKET (ME. bragget, Fr. hraguette, dimin. of Lat. *braca-. sing, of braeoe, breeches). A projection from a wall, with a Hat top. used to support anything. It difl'ers from a corbel (q.v.) in being separate from and not a part of the wall. Brackets are ordinarily of stone, wood, or metal, and are occasionally elaborately de- signed and carved. They sometimes support heavy weights, such as balconies, oriel windows, projecting upper stories, or roofs, where they may form a portion of the vertical overhanging, ilore frequently brackets serve to hold statues, busts, vases, lamps, or the like. The term is also em- ployed for the cast-iron or plain wooden supports of shelves, cupboards, etc., as well as for gas or electric lights projecting from the wall. BRACKET FUNGI. Certain fungi t.aking the fiinii of hrackits on trees and stumps. They belong to the L'loup Basidiomycetes (q.v.). BRACK'ETT, Frank Parkihrst (1865— K An American mathematician and astronomer: born at Provincetown. Mass. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1887, and in 1890 was ap- pointed professor of mathematics and astronomy at Pomona College (Claremont, Cal.). He has published monographs on subjects connected with mathematics and meteorology-. BRACK'ETTVILLE. The county-seat of Kinney County. Tex., 225 miles southwest of the State capital, .Austin (Map: Texas. D 5). It has stock-raising interests. It is the seat of a Unit- ed States military post. Fort Clark, which was garrisoned in 1902 by four companies of cavalry and two of coast artillery. The post was once
