Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 03.djvu/771

BURGUNDY. 687 BURIAL. ners were undignified, and his mind was imbued with bigotry. When only about fifteen years of age he was married to the Princess Adehiidc of Savoy, and spent his time wholly in amusements in the company of his spouse, and of the ladies of the Court. In 1701 he was appointed general- issimo of the army, which was really under the command of the Duke of V'endome. and is said to have shown some spirit in a cavalry tight at Nimwegen; but he <iuarreled with "endume, lost the respect of the army, and was exposed to many humiliations, partly proceeding from intrigues set on foot against him by his father, on whose death he became heir to the throne and was known as the Grand Dauphin. He died suddenly in the year 1712. A few days previously his wife and his son, the Duke of Sretagne, had died, and the same hearse carried father, mother, and child to Saint Denis. The Duke of Orleans, subsequently regent, and his daughter, the Duchess of Berry, were accused, but without reason, of having caused them to be poisoned. The Duke of Bur- gundy was the father of Louis XV. Consult Saint-Simon, Uemoires (Paris, 1829-30), BURGUNDY PITCH. A resinous substance used as a basis for plasters in pharmacy, and for a variety of other purposes. It is obtained from the resinous exudation of the Abies excelsea (natural order Coniferje), growing in Southern Europe. The exuded resin is melted in hot water to remove part of the volatile oil contained in it, and strained through coarse cloth. It is quite hard and brittle, has a brown color, a sweetish taste, and an agreeable odor similar to that of turpentine. It is composed mainly of resin and a volatile oil. A substance resembling Burgundy pitch can be prepared from common resin and palm oil; this substance, however, is insoluble in glacial acetic acid, in which genuine Burgundy pitch dissolves almost entirely. BURGUNDY WINE. See Wine. BURHANPUR, bCor'han-pUor' (Bohra, a Mohammedan sect -- Skt. pura. city). A town in the Nimar District. Central Provinces. British India, once the capital of Khandesh, 210 miles east of Surat, with a population of about 32..300 (Map: India, C 4). It is on a high bank of the Tapti River, surrounded by a rampart of brick, and has in the centre a palace of brick known as the Red Fort, built by Akbar, who adorned the town with marble halls, a mosque, and gardens, now nearly in ruins. It was formerly a city of great importance, noted for manufactures of gold and silver brocade, silks, cotton, and muslin, which are still carried on, although not so exten- sively as formerly. Under the Moguls the city had an area of 5 square miles. BURHEL (bflr'd), or BHARAL (E. Ind,). The blue wild sheep (Oris nahura) of Tibet, which resembles the aoudad in many particulars, and is a transition form between the goats and sheep, "both these species having no suborbital gland and no lachrymal fossie, while their com- paratively smooth ami olive-colored horns show a decided approximation to those of the goats." Other similarities exist in the skull. This spe- cies is 3 feet tall, and in winter its coarse fleece is dark ashy blue, but in summer it is much browner, with the ventral surfaces and the tail white, and the nose, throat, and front, and a line along the sides deep black. The horns of the ram are smooth, rounded, start "very close to- gether on the forehead, describe a half-circle of 2 feet or so, and are directed very nuich out- ward and backward." Those of the ewe are only 8 inches long and simply curve backward. A sportsman, writing in The Field, of London, .lan- uary 19, 1890, of his experience with this animal, says: "This sheep is very generally distributed over the mountains of the district which it in- habits (never below 10,000 feet), and one is constantly coming across tracks of tlocks com- prising from 2 or 3 to 40 or 50 individuals; but I have found it quite as hard to approach as any of the sheep — -in fact, tlie circumstance that the old males are frequently in company with the rest of the tlock all the year round, instead of separating fnmi the females and the young rams, as is the case with most wild animals, renders it often very difficult to make a successful stalk. The ewes are excessively wary, and one or two seem always to post themselves as sentinels while the rest of the flock are grazing or lying down. Consult books mentioned under Qoatc and Sueep; and see Plate of Wild Goats and Sheep. BURI, boo're, or BURE, A mythical being who stands in Norse mythology as the grand- father of Odin, the supreme deity in that relig- ion. In the Younger Edda ( see Edda ) , the fol- lowing account is given of the creation of the world: Many ages before the earth was made, Xiflheim (the nebulous or shadowy region) was formed; in the middle of Xiflheim was a spring called Hvergelmir (the roaring cauldron), from which twelve rivers flowed. When the rivers had flowed far from their sources the venom which they rolled along hardened, as does the dross that runs from a furnace, and became ice. The ice stood still, and the vapor that gathered over it froze into rime, or frosty snow, and in this manner were formed the Ginnungagap (the yawning abyss, or all space), many layers of con- gealed vapor, piled one upon another. But the southern part of Ginnungagap was filled with sparks and flashes of lire that flew into it from Muspelheim (the home of elemental fire). In the conflict of elements the rime was melted, and the melted drops took a human semblance, and the being thus formed was named Ymir ( the pri- mordial giant). Another creature formed from this conflict of heat and cold was a cow named Audhunila (darkness), and from her teats ran four streams of milk, on which Ymir was fed. "But," asked Gylfi, "on what did the cow feed?" The answer was that she supported herself by licking the surrounding stones, which were cov- ered with hoar-frost and salt. The first day she licked there appeared the hair of a man ; the sec- ond day the head came to view; and the third day the whole man appeared. This man was called Buri or Burc. This first creature in the form of a man was the father of Biir (meaning born), who took for his wife Bestla, the daughter of the giant Bolthorn (calamity or evil), and this pair were the parents of Odin, the orse all- father, and his brothers Veli and e. Xo wife is named for Buri, nor is anything further related of him. BURIAL, ber'i-nl (AS. byrgels, tomb, from hyrgan, to bury, hide in the ground, Ger. bcrgen, to. hide, conceal). The method prevalent among civilized nations of disposing of the dead by hid- ing them in the earth. Although some peoples have had other customs — as that of the Guebres,