Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 07.djvu/462

FABRICIUS. Ill FACETI-ffi. tomologica (1775); Philosophin Entomologica (1778); Supplementum Entomologiw (1797). FABRONI, fa-bro'ne, Am.elo (1732-1803). An Italian biographical writer, born at JUarradi, in Tuscany. He was educated at Faenza and Rome, and in 1773 was appointed tutor to the sons of Leopold, Grand Duke of Tuscany. His Vita i Doctrvna Esccellentium qui Sweulo A' I //. et XVIII. floruerunt (20 vols.. 1778-1805) is one of the best Italian works of its kind and contains quite a treasure of information; while his Lnurcntii Medicei Vita (1784) and Vita Magni Cosmi Medicei (1788-89) are reckoned model biogra phies. FABRONI, or FABBRONI, Giovanni Va- lentino Matteo (1752-1822). An Italian chem- ist, naturalist, and engineer, born in Florence. As the friend and collaborator of Fontana he became director of the physical cabinet of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was appointed by Napoleon director of the roads and bridges lead- ing beyond the Alps. . The construction of the pass across Mont Genevrc, and the Corniche. the celebrated road leading from Nice to Geneva, was carried out by him. He worked in almost every field of science, so that Cuvier dubbed him a 'living encyclopaedia.' He wrote many useful treatises on botany, chemistry, rural economy, such as Antichita vantaggi e metodo della pit- turn encausta (1797); Degli antichi abitatori d'ltalia (1803); and Ricerche sulla Quina (1803). FABRY, fiilire, Wilhelm. See Fabricius, HlLDANI s. FABULOUS ANIMALS. See Bestiaries; Gbiffin; Unicorn: Fables; Heraldry. FABVIER, fa'vva', Ciiari.es NICOLAS, Baron (1783-1855). A French general and Philhellene. He was born at Pont-a-Mousson, and in 1807 was sent by Napoleon to Constantinople to fortify that city in preparation against an attack by the Eng- lish fleet. He later organized a park of artillery at Ispahan. Persia, for defense against Russia. He was the adjutant of Genera] Mar nt in Spain in 1811, and in 1813 was advanced to the rank of colonel on the General Staff. In con- sequence of political persecution on the part of the Royalists, he subsequently went to England, and in 1823 to Greece to par- ticipate in the War of Greek Independence. He appointed commander-in-chief of infantry, but failed to retain tl onfidence of the Greeks, because of the unfortunate expedition to the island of Chios and (he loss of the Acropolis; .and in 1829 he returned to Paris, where he be- came chief of staff to the National Guard. In 1H4S he was senl as Ambassador to Con slani inople. [lis publications include Jour- nal "'■ i p rations du I I. corps pendant la cam- pagni dt 181 ) • n France ( 1819) . FA'BYAN. or FABIAN. Robert (?-1513). An English chronicler. Bis Vete Chronicles of France, firsi published in 1516, be- gin wiili the arrival of Brutus and extend to the battle of Bosworth (1485). His aim was to harmonize the accounts of previous writers, but his efforts in this direction were rendered almost valuele - by his lack of judgment and his inabil- idence i re i aluable n o n au- nty only for the affairs of London during his i ime. Tl conl inued bj o1 hers in missive editions until 1558, and in 1811 an edition was i>sued by Ellis. FAQADE, fa-sad' or fa-sad' ( Fr.. front of a house). The exterior front or face of a building. The hack elevation of an important building is sometimes called the rear facade, and an edifice may have as many facades as it shows extensive flat architectural faces with individual treatment. Thus a Gothic cruciform church commonly has three facades, namely, the west or main front, and the ends of each transept ; in a Greek temple the two short gable ends are facades, while the two long sides are merely flanks. An eleva- tion of the side of a building is called the lateral facade. The sides of a court or cortile are often called facades, but this is an incorrect ap- plication of the term. Beside the normal facade, which follows substantially the outlines of the structure back of it, there is what is called the false facade, which is composed largely for its own sake and with independent outlines, as was so often the case in mediaeval churches. These are called screen facades when they form an ob- Iong surface projecting far above the aisles, as is the case in Italy with some Tuscan churches, at Pisa and Lucca, at Aquila (Collemaggio) , in English cathedrals, as at Peterborough and Lin- coln, and in many Romanesque churches of France. Such a method was apparently un- known in ancient and early Christian architec- ture. FACATATIVA, fa'-ka-ta'te-va'. A town in the Department of Cundinamarca. Colombia, about 20 miles northwest of Bogota (Map: Co- lombia. C 3). It lies about 8500 feet above sea level, and was a fortress of the Chibcha Indians, whose last chief. Triquesupa. was killed here by a soldier under Quesada in 1538. The town de- rives some commercial importance from its prox- imity to the capital. Population, about 8000. FACCIOLATI. fa'cho-la'te, Jacopo (16S2- 1769). An Italian philologist and lexicographer. He was born at Torreglia, not far from Padua, and was educated at Padua, where he became professor of logic, and later rector of the Institu- tion. He directed his attention chiefly to the revival of the study of ancient literature, and with this object brought out a new edition of the Lexicon Septem Linguarum, called, from its original author, the monk Ambrosius of Calepio, iho Calepine Lexicon, lie was assisted in this work by his pupil, Fgidio Forcellini, to whom is mainly owing the conception of a totally new Latin dictionary— an arduous undertaking, which Pacciolati continued till his death in 170'.'. and which was afterwards completed by Forcellini in 1771. Facciolati and Forcellini, assisted by several others, likewise published a new edition of Nizoli's Thesaurus Ciceronianus. The great Totius Latinitatis Lexicon of Facciolati and forcellini is still useful in the revision of l)c Vit I I'r.ito. is:,* s; i. See FOBCa imi FACE. The servant of Lovewit, in Ren Ion son's play The Vlckemist. With Subtle, a beggar who poses as an alchemist, and I)ol Common, he uses his master's house during the hitter's ah sencc to cheat his dupes by pretended fortune I'll ill" and magic. F ACETIC, fa sf.'shie (Lat., witticisms). A collection of witty sayings and short tales in mi- in verse Greek collection of thin