Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 09.djvu/670

HABVEY. 612 HABVEY. HARVEY, Sir Geokge (180G-76). A Scot- tisli liistiirifiil and landscape painler. He was born at Saint Ninians, near Stirling, in Febni- aiy, 180(j. Displaying a taste for drawing, he was at the age of eighteen placed in the school of the Trustees' Academy, Edinburgh, where he made rapid ])rogress. In 1826, when the Royal Scottish Acadcmj' was instituted, he was elected an associate, and in 1820 an academician. He was a constant contributor to the Academy's exhibitions, and many of his works are well known through the medium of engravings. The principal of these are: "Covenanters Preaching," ■■Battle of Drumchig," '■The First Reading of the Bible in Old Saint Paul's," "The Curlers," "Co- lumbus Discovering America," and "Quitting the Manse." Harvey did not confine himself to his- torical art, some of his most successful works being representations of Scotch scenerj'. Among the finest of the landscapes are: "The Enterkin," "■Ferragon," "Sheep-Shearing," "Glen Dhu Ar- ran," and "■Inverarnan. Loch Lomond." They are remarkable as rej^resentations of pastoral jieace. Harvey was elected president of the Royal Scot- tish Academy in 1864, and knighted in 1867. He died in Edinburgh, January 22, 1876. Compare his 'Notes on ihc Early History of the Scot- tish Academy (London, 1873) ; his Recollect imis (London, 1888). HARVEY, Sir John. A Colonial Governor of Virginia. He first visited the province as one of the commissioners sent out by James I. in 1623 to get evidence which would justify him in suppressing the Virginia Company. Appointed Governor after Yeardley's death, he began his administration in 1620, and soon made himself thoroughly detested by the colonists, for he not only favored the interests of individuals, such as Lord Baltimore, at the expense of Virginia, but filled his own pockets by imposing unusual fines on the settlers, all fines being by royal warrant a perquisite of the Governor's. In 1635 an as- sembly was called to hear complaints against him, and on April 28th the council met and de- creed '■Sir John Harvey thrust out of his govern- ment, and Capt. John West acts as Governor till the King's pleasure known." Sir John went at once to England and appealed to Charles I., who reinstated him, and refused even to listen to the delegates who had been sent over to present the case of the colonists. Two years after his return to Virginia, however, the King relieved him and appointed a new Governor in his place. HARVEY, Sir John (1778-1852). A British soldier. He entered the army at a very early age, and saw service in many parts of the world. In 1812 he was appointed deputy adjutant-general of the army in Canada, and was received with great favor by Sir George Prevost, who asked his ad- vice on the defense of the wide frontiers of Canada against the United States forces. He was present at the unsuccessful defense of Fort George (May 27, 1813) . but escaped with General Vincent and most of the British troops. On June 6th he led an attack on General Dearborn's forces at Stony Creek, and later in the year was adjutant-general of the British army at the bat- tle of Chrystler's Farm. Upon the close of the War of 1812 he returned to England, and at the battle of Waterloo was on the staff of the Duke of Wellington. In .1836 he was once more in .4merica, this time as Governor of Prince Edward Island. From 1837 to 1841 he was Lieutenant- Governor of New Brunswick, and in 1846 was appointed Governor and comniander-in-chiet of Newfoundland, but remained there only a short time before he was made Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia, which office he held until his death. HABVEY, Moses (1820-1901). A Canadian author, born near Armagh.. Ireland, and educated at Belfast College in arts and theolog)-. In 1852 lie left his charge in Maryport, Cumberland, England, and became pastor of the Free Presby- terian Church of Saint John, Newfoundland, from which he retired in 1878. Harvey made special studies of the geography and history of Newfoundland, contributed to the Kncyclopcrdia Britannica {9th ed. ) articles on ■■Seal Fisheries," "Newfoundland," and "Labrador," and pub- lished: Poetry and Literature of the Bible (1852); Lectnres, Literary and Biographical (1864) ; Comack's Journey Across 'Newfoundland ( 1873) ; Across Xeicfoundland with the Governor ( 1879) ; Newfoundland, the Oldest Brilish Colony {S3) ;• Text-Book of Newfoundland Ilislorij (2d ed. 1890) ; Newfoundland as It Is (1894)'; and Newfoundland in the Jubilee Year (1897). HARVEY, William (1578-1657). An Eng- lish anatomist, celebrated as the discoverer of the circulation of the blood. He was born at Folke- stone, in Kent, of a London family of great respec- tability. When he was fourteen years old he was sent to Caius College, Cambridge, where he was admitted as a pensioner in 1593. After five years' study at the university he traveled through France and Germany, and decided to study medicine at Padua. Here he came under the influence of some of the best teachers of the time, notably Fabricius (q.v.). From this mas- ter the young student learned of the existence of the valves in the veins. Having obtained his medical degree in 1602, he returned to England, and began to practice his profession in London, lie was admitted a candidate of the London Col- lege in 1604, and was elected a fellow in 1607. Two years later he was appointed physician to Saint Bartholomew's Hospital, and in 1615 was made professor of anatomy and surgery. His discovery of the circulation of the blood he per- fected in 1616. He was appointed physician extraordinary to James I. in 1618, and was physi- cian to Charles I. from 1632 to 1646. He acconi- jianied the King in the battle of Edgehill in 1642. and during this engagement the Prince and the Duke of York were intrusted to his care. In 1645 he was, by the roj'al mandate, elected warden of Merton College, succeeding Dr. Na- thaniel Brent. During his residence at Oxford he made many experiments, and pursued re- searches connected with the subject of generation. In 1646, upon- the surrender of Oxford to Parlia- ment, he went to practice his profession in Lon- don. In 1651 the results of his investigations on the development of the chick, in which he was assisted by Rev. George Bathurst of Trinity Col- lege, were given to the world. In 1653 Harvey built a library and museum, which he presented to the members of the College of Physicians. He resigned his professorship of anatomy and sur- gery in 1653. at the age of seventy-five, and he died on June 3, 1657, of paralysis, which suc- ceeded several years of suffering from gout. Harvey's description of the course and circu-