Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 10.djvu/234

HOPPE-SEYLER. 206 HORACE. Erinnerung an Felix Hoppe-Seyler (Strassburg, 18115). HOPTIN, Augustus (1828-90). An Ameri- ran houk illustrator, born in I'lovidencc, 11. I. He fiiailuutfil at lirown fnivcrsily in 1848, and was aihnittod to the ar. but soon nave up the law and went abroad tc study art. I pun his return, be devoted himself to drawinj; on wood and to the illustration of books, in whieh he was successful. His pictures in .ulliing to Ufiir, I'otiphur I'lijicia, and The Aiilocral of the lircalcfast Table are widely known. He published several volumes of sketches and novels, anionjj the latter Jlvcollec- liuna of Anion House (1881), and Married for I' II II (1885). HOPPIN, James Mason (1820—). An Ameri- can cihuator and writer. He was born at Provi- dence, K. I., graduated at Yale in 1840, at the Harvard Law School in 1842, and at the . dovcr Theological Seminary in 1845: studied for some time abroad and was pastor of a t'ungregational church at .Salem, ^lass., from 1850 to 1859. From 181)1 to 1879 he was professor of homilctics at ■Vale, where he was also professor of the history of art from 1879 to 1899, when he became profes- sor emeritus. Amonff his publications are: Old England, Its Art, Scenery, and People {SG7) ; The Office and Work of the Christian Ministry ( 1809) ; Life of Rcnr-Adniiral Andrew Iliitl I'oote (1874) ; The Early llenaissance and Other Es- saiis on Art fliihjecis (1892) ; and Greek Art on Greek .S'oi7 (1897). KOPP'NER, .Toiix (17581810). An English painler. of (krman parentage, liorn in l.omlon. He was a choirboy in the Koval Chapel, aiul af- terwards, by the assistance of the Prince of Wales (afterwards (icorgc HI.), studied at the Royal •Academy. He became a popular portrait painter, and was acknowledged by J^awrence to be bis only rival. His works include portraits of the Prince, the Duke of York. Lord Nelson. Pitt. Wellington, Canning, and Orenville. He wrote a book cn- litle<l Select Series of Portraits of Ladies of /{link and Fashion (180.3), the illustrations of which were from paintings by himself, engraved by Wilkins. On" of bis best works is "Lady Cul- ling Smith and Her Children." He is more suc- cessful in his portraits of women and children than of men, as his art has an altogether femi- nine quality and lacks the robustness of Rey- nolds, whom he sometimes imitated. HOP-TREE (Ptclea trifoliata). An Ameri- can shrub of the rue family, called also shnibby trefoil, wafer-ash, and wingspeed, which grows in rocky places from Pennsjdvania to Minnesota and southward. It usually grows from to 10 feot in height, but when well trimmed and culti- vated sometimes attains a height of SO feet or more. Tho leaves are trifoliate, the leaflets obo- vate and pointed, and down.v when young; the flowers, which grow in terminal cvmes, are greenisli white, and haj-e a disagreeable odor. The fruit has a broad wing which resembles that of the elm. and is very bitter. bit docs not pos- sess the aromatic principle of the hop; neverthe- less, it is said to have been used as a substitute for hops in making beer. The bark and root are of some repute in medicine. When dried the bark has a peculiar, somewhat aromatic smell, and a bitter, pimgent, acrid taste. The bark contains an acrid, bitter oleo-resin. starch, albumin, a yellow coloring substance, and salts of lime, pot- ash, and iron; also the alkaloid berberinc, prob- ably the tonic principle. HOR, bur (lleb., mountain). (1) A moun- tain of .rabia Petraa, between the Uulf of Akabah and the Red >Sea, and foniiing part of tiie mountain range of Kdoni or Seir. It was here <hat .aron (cj.v.) is said to have died dur- ing the journey of the Israelites into Palestine (Num. x.. 22-29; x.wiii. 38, 39; Ueut. .xxii. 50). The modern name of the place is Jelwl Haroun ('Movmt of Aaron'), and the Mohamme- dans point to a structure on the top of the mountain as the tomb of the brother of Moses. (2) A mountain which was to be the northern border of the inheritance of the Hebrew tribes (Num. XXXI V. 7). If the Hebrew text is correct (which is doubtful), the name refers to the Lebanon range, and probabl.v to Mount Hermon. Some scholars, however, give the preference to Jebel .kkar, in the northeast of the Lebanon. HORA, hc/rA, .JuoN- (c.1740-85). A Ruman patriot and national hero of Transylvania, some- tiiiu's called Xikla I'rss, Nicholas the Bear. With .luon Kloska and Ceorge Kriszi'in, he roused the people to rebellion against the Imperial order for general conscription (1784). The uprising sjiread until thirty thousand men bad joined. But Im- perial troops were hurried in in such numbers that the revolt failed, the three leaders were cap- tureil. and Hora was killed. Hora's exploits form the theme of popular Ruman songs. HORACE, o'riis'. A five-act tragedy in verse, by Pierre Corneille, ])riHlucc(l in 1040. It is founded on the old Roman legend of the Horatii and Curiatii. In it pjvtriotism and all'ection are contrasted in the characters of Horace and Curiace, the latter being the lover of the former's sister. One of Lope de Vega's plays. El honrado herinano, is founded on the same myth. HORACE (QuiNTus Hobatius Flaccus) (n.c. 05-8). A Latin poet, born at Venusia, on the borders of Lucania and Apulia. His early years were thus passed amid a picturesque en- vironment of mountain, forest, and stream, which made a deep impression upon his mind, and strengthened that love of nature which so often finds expression in his ver.sc. The oliler Flaccus was a conctor, a collector of taxes or of money due for goods sold at public auctions, and by his thrift was successful not onlv in buying his own free- dom, but also in acquiring a small estate and an income which enabled him to give to his son the best education the capital itself could offer. Thither, about the age of twelve. Horace went with his father, who, in his alTeetion and devotion to his son's interests, made himself the boy's comrade in the dailv round of study and play, and at Rome, as at Venusia, helped to form his son's standards by his own shrewd conuuents upon men and manners. It was naturally the mos maiorum rather th.an any abstract ideal of whieh the freedman pointed out the advantages, but the familiar talks bad their desired effect in the rise in Horace's mind of an instini'tive aver- sion to excess of ever>' .sort, and trained him, besides, in similar habits of keen ob.servation and pointed, tboueh kindly, criticism. It was then customary amnnL' young Romans of birth and means to complete their education by what may be called a university course in the schools of pbilosopbv at Athens or in those of oratory at Rhodes, and so, between eighteen and twenty,