Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 11.djvu/395

KADELBURG. 361 KAFIR CORN. comedies and farces, including LiebesdipJomaten, Kndlich allein (with Franz)', Schutzengel, and Im weisseii liossl (with Blumenthal) , translated into English as The ^yhite Horse Tavern and played with great success in Xew York. He also translated plays from the English. KADEN, ka'den, Woldemar (1838—). A, German folklorist and writer on travels, born in Dresden. He became a teacher, and was head of the German School at Naples (1867- 73), and professor of German in the Lyceum and at the University of that city (1876-82). He is best kno'n for his descriptions of Italy: Wandertage in Itulieii (1874); Unter den OH- renbnnnien, folklore from Southern Italy (1880) ; Hkizzen tend Kulturbilder aiis Italien (2d ed. 1889); Pompejanische Xfjeellen (1882); Die Kiriera (with Nestel, 2d ed. 1801); Auf Capri (1900) ; and on Switzerland: Die Gotthardbahn und ihr Gebiet (3d ed. 1889), and Diirehs .SV/iicci- zerland (1895). His further work in folklore includes yolkstiimliehes aus l^iiditalien (1896- 97), Sar/en der Quiclnia-Indianer (1895), and Sagen der Giiarani-Indianer (1895). KA'DESH-BAR'NEA, or KADESH. A biblical city, whose site has been identified by Rowland and Trumbull with Ain Kadis, a spring 50 miles south of Beersheba. Here the Israelites are said to have encamped before entering the promised land (Num.xx. 1-16; Dent. i. 46). Hence the spies were sent by Moses into Canaan (Num. .xxxii. 8), and hither they returned with their re- port (ib. xiii. 26). It was at Kadesh, too, that Jliriam died and was buried, and that Moses brought forth water from the rock (ib. xx. Iff.). The significance of Kadesh in Hebrew tradition accords with the sanctity attached to the place. The name 'Kadesh' signifies 'holy.' The name 'well of judgment' applied to Kadesh (Gen. xiv. 7) point.s likewise to an oracle at that place, while it is also significant that in the stories of .Abraham, Ishmael, and Hagar the district of Kadesh appears quite prominently. For the identification, consult Trumbull's Kadesh-Barnea (2d ed.. New York, 1881). KADI, kii'de. See C.di. KADIAK, kad-yak'. An island southeast of the Peninsula of Alaska. It is an irregularly shaped mass of mountains, measuring 100 by 60 miles (Map: Alaska, E 4), The island is rocky, covered with low forests, and but little fit for agriculture, its chief importance consisting in its salmon fisheries. Population, about 2000. KADIAK BEAR. See Be.vr. KAD'MONITES (Heb. Kadmoni, men of the East), A people mentioned in Gen. xv. 19, as occupying the extreme east of Palestine. While it is possible that Kadmonites may be intended as a designation for a special tribe, it is far more likely that it is a general designation, such as 'children of the east,' for the inhabitants of the Syrian desert. KAEGI, kag'i, Adolf (1849-). A Swiss phil- ologist, born at Bauraa. He was educated at Leipzig and Tiibingen. In 1877 he became pro- fessor in the gv-mnasium of Zurich, and in 1883 at the university. His writings, besides the historical work, Kritisehe Gesehiehte des spnrtn- nisehen Bfnaten von 500 bis 'i^l ror Christo (1873), and his attempts to simplify the study of Greek in his Grieehisehe f^ehiilgrainmatil: (4th ed. 1895), and Oriechisches Vebungsbuch (1893-95), are mainly in the field of Iranian philology: Sie- benzig Lieder des Rigveda iibersetzt, in collabora- tion with Geldner and Roth (1875) ; Der Itigveda (2d ed. 1881) ; Die Seunzahl bei den Osturierk (1891). He also wrote Alter und Herkunft des yermanischen Gottesurteils (1887). KAEMPFER, kemp'fer, Engelbert (1651- 1710). A German traveler. He was born at Lemgo. ^^■estphalia ; studied medicine at KiJnigsberg, and in 1683 visited Persia as secre- tary to the Swedish ambassador. Having re- ceived an appointment as surgeon to the Dutch East India Company, in its naval service, he accompanied the fleet, to which he was appointed, to the East Indies and Japan, He returned to Europe in 1693, and devoted himself to the preparation of his voluminous notes for a com- prehensive history and description of .Japan and Siam. His History of Japan first appeared in an English translation made from his German manuscript (London, 1727), then in French (The Hague, 1729), next in Dutch (Amsterdam, 1733), and last in German (Lemgo, 1777), The greater part of his writings, containing valuable observations on his other travels, is preserved, still in manuscript, in the British Museum. KAF, kilf. See C.ir. KAFFA, klif'fa. One of the tributary States of Abyssinia, situated in the southwestern part. It is mountainous, with fertile valleys, and is drained by the Omo River. Some sections aro well cultivated, the coffee plant being indi- genous and, as is believed, having derived its name from the country. The natives belong to the Galla race and profess a corrupt kind of Christianity. The population is not known. Capi- tal, . deratcha. Bonga is the important city. KAFFA, CAFFA, or Feodosi.. A seaport town and watering resort in the Government of Taurida, Russia, on Ivaffa Bay, indenting the southeastern shore of the Crimean Peninsula, 62 miles east of .Simferopol. It is the terminus of a branch line to Danjkoi, connecting with the Russian railway system. The town, surrounded by vineyards, noted for the quality of their grapes, is fortified by walls and a citadel ; has a Greek cathedral, a miiseum of antiquities, and remains of the palace of the former Crimean khans. It has a commodious and sheltered har- bor, oyster fisheries, and domestic manufactures of carpets, rugs, soap, and caviar. Theodosia or Feodosia was a thriving ililesian colony and the granary of ancient Greece ; in the thirteenth century it became a trading port of the Genoese, known as Kaffa. It was captured by the Turks in 1475 and bv the Russians in 1774. Popula- tion, in 1897, 27,238. KAFFRA'RIA. A former independent native kingdom of South Africa, since 1875 annexed to Cape Colony (q.v. 1. and now incorporated as East Griqualand. Transkei, Pondoland, and Tam- buland. KAFIR BREAD. A name given to several South African species of Encephalartos, of the natural order Cycadace.-e, which, like many others of that order, have much starch in their stems, and afford food to the natives. They are also called bread-trees. See Zaiiia. KAFIR CORN. A variety of non-saccharine sorghum. See Soeghtjm, paragraph Non-Saccha- rine.