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LEMAITKE. 117 LEMBEBG. in 1823 he created at the Ambigu the character of Robert Macaire in the melodrama of L'aiiberge des Adrcts'. His vigorous and original genius soon made him the idol of the boulevards, where he was the leading attraction in a succession of theatres. To the conventional restraints of the Theatre Francais, however, he could not ac- commodate himself. He represented on the stage the extreme of the Romantic Scliool. Besides his character of Robert ilacaire, which gave the name to a new drama of which Lemaitre was joint author in 183-1, the record of his achieve- ments includes Trente aiis ou la vie d'un joueur at the Porte Saint-Martin in 1827. Dumas's Kean ou desordre et genie, at the Varietes in 1836, Victor Hugo's Ituy C^ns, at the Renaissance in 1838, and Don Cesar de Bazan and Toussaint VOiireitiire]ateT at the Porte Saint-ilartin. His last appearance was in 1873, and he died in Paris on .January 26. 1876. His career ha.= re- cently been made the theme of a play by Clyde Fitch. Consult: Sottvenirs de Lemaitre, puhlifs par son fits (Paris. 1879) : Duval. Lemaitre et son temps (ib., 1876) ; De Jlirecourt. "Frede'riek Lemaitre." in Les contemporains (ib., 1856); Lewes, On Actors and the Art of Aeling (New York, 1878). LEMAITRE, .Jules (1853—). An eminent French critic of the subjective Impressionist School. He was born at Venncey (Loiret). began his career as a teacher at Havre (1875-80), then taught at Algiers (1880-82) and Besancon (1882-83), and was professor at Grenoble (1883- 84). He was already author of two volumes of verse, and had pul)lished some essays and stories, when he resigned his post and gave himself alto- gether to letters. He went to Paris and in three months won by essays on Ohnet. Renan, and Zola a place that he has never since been in danger of losing. His Impressions du theatre (9 vols., 1888 et seq.). and Contemporains (7 vols., 1886 et seq.), group his articles in two constantly extending series that treat criticism as "a repre- sentation of the world, like other branches of literature, and hence by its nature, as relative, as vain, and therefore as interesting as they." This profession of literary faith shows Lemaitre to diflfer from Brunetifere, much as Sainte-Beuve dif- fered from Xisard in the preceding generation. The same unconventionality marks Lemaltre's dramatic essays, some of which have been notably successful: Revoltce (1889): Depute Leveau (1891) ; Mariaqe Wane (1891) ; Les rois (1893) ; Flipote (1893); ilyrrha (1SD4); Le pardon (1895). Three volumes of collected tales. Sere- mis (1886). Dix eontes (1889) and Les rois (1893), cannot be said to have added anything to his reputation. LEMAN, Ic-miix'. .Jacques Edmoxd (1829- 84). A French painter, born at I'Aigle. He was a pupil of Picot. and made a success with his first exhibit at the Salon in 1852. "Les loisirs de Virgile." His more important paintings up to 1878 are: "Mort de Vittoria Colonna" (1853), now at Rome; "Duel de Guise et de Coligny" (1855); "Le repos de la Vierge" (1857); and "Une matinee a I'hotel de Rambouillet" (1857). Afterwards he produced chiefly aquarelles, such as "Le doge de C^nes (1879) and "La prise de possession de Cahors par les Anglais" (1880). His large historical piece. "Charlemagne dictant ses capitulaires." is in the tribunal of Bayeux. LEMAN, Lake. See Geneva, Lake. LE MANS, le miix. A city of France. See Mans, Le. LE MABS, le milrz. A city and the county- seat of Plymouth County, Iowa, 25 miles north by east of Sioux City; on the Illinois Central and the Chicago, Saint Paul, ^Minneapolis and Umalia railroads (Map: Iowa, A 2). It is the seat of Western Union College (United Evangelical), and has a public library. There is considerable trade with the surrounding farming and stock- raising region; and the manufactures include tlour, blank books, drills, foundry and machine- shop products, brick, cigars, etc. Population, in 1890, 4036; in 1900, 4146. LEMATTE, le-mat', Jacques Francois Fer- KAXD ( 1850—). A French painter, born at Saint Quentin. He was a pupil of Cabanel, and in 1870 won the Prix de Rome, and made his first appear- ance at the Salon, with "Les joueuses d'osselets." His later paintings include: "La dryade" (1872) ; "L 'enfant i I'opine" (1873); and the powerful "Oreste tourmente par les Furies" (1876). LEMBCKE, lenip'ke. Christian Ludwio Edvard( 1815-97). A Danish poet, born at Copen- hagen. He studied theology, became rector of a Latin school in Schleswig in 1850, and afterwards settled at Copenhagen, where he opened another institution of the same kind. He wrote several poems, among which is the popular T'ort Moder- smaal (Our Mother Tongxie). but he is best known bv his translation of Shakespeare (1861- 70). He also translated Byron (1873-76). LEMBERG, lemlierK (Polish Lirow) . The capital of the Crownland of Galicia, Austria, situated on the small stream of Peltew in a deep valley in a mountainous region, 212 miles by rail east-southeast of Cracow (Jlap: Austria, J 2 ) . It is the third city in size of Cisleitlian Aus- tria. It is composed of the small old town, and of the four suburbs which contain most of the prominent buildings. The ramparts have been re- placed by promenades, but the city has latterly been equipped with a citadel. Lemberg is very rich in ecclesiastical edifices. The chief among them are the Roman Catholic cathedral, built in late-Gothic style in 1350-1479 and adorned with frescoes; the' Dominican church, modeled after Saint Peter's at Rome, and containing a monu- ment to the Countess of Dunin-Borkowska by Thorwaldsen ; the Armenian cathedral in the Ar- menian-Byzantine style; the L'nited Greek cathe- dral in " the basilica style ; and the new synagogue. Lemberg has also eight monasteries and convents. The Rathaus. built in 1828-37, is surmounted by a tower 260 feet high and con- tains an industrial museum. Other prominent secular buildings are the hall of the Landtag, the Polvtechnic Institute, the archiepiscopal palace, and the hospital. Prominent among the educa- tional institutions of Lemberg is the university, founded bv the Emperor .Joseph II. The most noteworthy of the other educational institutions are the royal technical high school (one of the six in Austria) with an attendance of 700. five gym- nasia, two theological seminaries, a school of agriculture and forestry, a normal training school, and several special schools. The Ossolinski Xa- tional Institute contains collections of Polish historical and literary antiquities, portraits, and coins. The municipal museum has art and in- dustrial collections, and the Dzieduszycki Mu-