Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/22

LAUNDRY MACHINERY. 10 one machine or appliance to anutlicr, the washing machine, the drying apparatus, mechanical sprinklers, starching machines, and in addition to the mangle and ordinary ironer, a multitidp of specially shaped machines for ironing sleeves, collars, and cuffs, for finishing the edges of collars and for Huting ruffles. The quality of water used in a laundry is of great importance. If the water is hard, muddy, or coliired. a special plant for softening or filter- ing may be necessary. A large amount of steam is required, both for motive power and for heat- ing the water. Two general types of washers are in use, revolving and stationary. In the iirst the revolution of closed cylinders keeps the clothes in motion; in the second the cleansing is performed by the strokes of plungers. The boil- ing, rinsing, and bluing may all be performed in the washer, or in another tub. The water is heated bv steam-pipes and sometimes the boil- ing is done under steam-pressure, in which case the boiler must be especially strong. Drying is effected by passing the clothes through a wringer, then placing them in a centrifugal drj-cr. (See Dbyixg-Maciiines.) The drying is sometimes LATJNITZ. starching, there are specially constructed jack ed starch-cookers to make the starch. Various types of machine starchers are used for dill'irent shaped articles. See Sidney Tebbutt's paper on "Steam Laundry Machinery." read in 18'J0 hefon' the Institution of Mechanical Engineers of Great Britain, and n'printed in Cnssirr's Magasint (London and New York) for February, ISOO. LATJNE, or LAULNE, l.Jn, Etie.nxe oe ( 1.51S-c.lo;iJ) . A French Kemiissance engraver, born in Paris, or perhaps at Orleans. He was a goldsmith and medalist, probably a pupil of Cellini, during the early part of his career. After- wards he joined the Reformers and spent the re- mainder of his life at Augsburg and then at Strassburg. where he died. About lotiO he took up engraving and executed several plates after pictures by the Fontainebleau School. He aUn made some copies of prints by Raimonilil. Owing probably to his training as a medalist, his prints are all small and highly finished. Hi- designs for goldsmith's work include medal~. money, jewelry, and plate: some of these are still to be seen at the Louvre. Androuet du Cerceau was a pupil of De Laune. 1. Feed-Box. eECTIOSAL VIEW OF MANGLe. 2. Cover-Rolls. 3. Steain-Clofw-t**. 4. Scraper. 6. Discliarging Table. done in an artificially heated drying-room. Iron- ing-Machines, though of many different forms, generally operate upon the same principle. A hard surface of polished metal, heated hy steam, gas, or electricity, revolves close to a second hard surface, which is usually covered with a felt padding and a cotton sheet. On the latter sur- face the article to be ironed is so placed that it is brought into close contact with the hot revolv- ing cylinder of metal, the padded cover providing for such inequalities of surface as seams and hems. The most familiar form is the mangle, designed for ironing sheets, towels, and other articles of uniform shape and thickness. The principle is capable of endless adaptations, how- ever, which fits it for ironing specially shaped garments, such as shirt bosoms and bodies, cuffs, collars, and sleeves. For such pieces as require LAUN'FAL, Sir. A knight of the Round Table and steward of King Arthur. His story is the subject of a metrical romance by Thomas (.'hestre in the time of Henry VI., and his name appears in James Russell Lowell's Yision of Sir Lnunfal. I/AUNITZ, lou'nits, Robert Eberuabd ( 1 SOB- TO i. A Russian- American sculptor, born in Riga, Russia. He was the pupil of his father, also a sculptor, and studied under Thorwaldsen in Rome. He emigrated to America about 1828, and settled in Xew York City, where he became - a X.A. in 183.3. His works" include the battle monument in Frankfort. Ky. ; the Pulaski monu- ment at Savannah, Ga. : the monument to Gen. George H. Thomas at Troy, N. Y.; and some monuments in Greenwood Cemetery, Brooklyn, N. Y.