Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/243

LIEZEN-MAYEB. 221 LIFEBOAT. to JIunicli in 1883, and in the same year was made professor at the Academy. LIFE, Mean Duration of. The average length of life enjoyed by a given number of per- sons of the same age. Of 100,000 persons aged ten years, 749 die the first year. Of the re- mainder, 746 die in the next year. Following up the deaths eacli year until all die. it is ascer- tained that the average age to which a number of the group of 100,000 survives is 48.7 years. This is called, in other words, one's 'expectation of life.' Though many die sooner, a boy of ten years may expect to live to be 48.7 years old. If he survives to that age, his expectation at 59 years is that he will live 14.7 years longer, as that is the average age reached by the 59,385 survivors of the original group of 100,000 who attain the age of 59. Following is an 'Expectation Table' constructed for the use of insurance companies from the American Table of Mortality, which has been adopted by the State of New York as the stand- ard for valuation of insurance policies: CO.MPLETED AGE ■ Number surviving at each age Deaths in each year 10 100.000 99,251 98,505 97,762 97,022 96,285 95,650 94,818 94,089 93,362 92,637 91,914 91,192 90,471 89,751 89,032 88,314 87.696 fC.878 86.160 85,441 84,721 84,000 83,277 82,551 81.822 81.090 80.353 79.611 78,862 78,106 77,341 76,667 75,782 74,986 74,174 749 11 746- 12 743 13 740 14 737 15 7.36 16 732 17 729 18 727 19 725 20 723 21 722 22 721 23 720 24 719 25 718 26 718 27 718 28 .. 718 29 719 30 720 31 , 721 32 723 33 '. 726 34 729 35 732 36 . . 737 37 742 38 749 39 : 756 40 765 41 774 42 785 43 797 44 812 45 828 COMPLETED AGE Number surviving at each age Deaths in each year 46 73,345 72.497 71.627 70.731 69.804 68,842 67.841 66.797 65.706 04.663 63.364 62,104 60,779 59.385 57.917 .56,371 64,743 63,030 51,230 49,341 47,361 45,291 43,133 40,890 38.569 36,178 33,730 31.243 28,738 26,237 23,761 21,330 18,961 16,679 14,471 12,383 10.419 8.603 6,956 5.485 4,193 3,079 2,146 1.402 847 462 210 79 21 3 848 47 48 49.. 927 60 61 1.001 1,044 1 091 62 53 54 55 1 199 56 1,260 1,325 1,394 57 58 59 60 . .. 1 546 61 62 1,713 63 64 1,889 65 1,980 2 070 66 67 2,158 2 243 68 69 2 321 70 2 391 71 2,448 72 2 487 73 2,505 74 2 501 75 2,476 76 2,431 77 2,309 78 2,291 79 2,196 80 2,091 81 1,964 82 . . . 1,816 83 1,648 84 1 470 85 1,292 86 1,114 87 933 88 744 89 665 90 385 91 246 92 137 93 58 94 18 95 3 LIFE AND ADVENT UNION. See Ad- VEXrlST.S. LIFEBOAT. A boat specially constructed for saving ])ersons from wrecked or imperiled vessels, in storms or heavy seas, when the use of an ordinary open boat would be impossible or extremely dangerous. There have been countless contrivances for this purpose, all varying in their types; but unless a boat is provided with some distinctive properties, such as thase of self-bail- ing or self-rigliting, or both combined, it is not considered a lifeboat in the strict meaning of the term. The conventional open boat, with or with- ENOLieB LIFEBOAT.