1803) and Suzanne (Upera Comique, 1879). JMauy of his own pieces were perloniied ai llie Opera Comique, such as Lc boii gari;on (1837), and at the Lyric, Les dragona de Villars (1856) and La rcinc Topaze (185(i). He also composed genre scenes and vaudevilles.
LOCKS'LEY HALL. A poem by Tennyson
(1842). The despair and anger of the hero at
the loss of his betrothed through greed of gold
rises at the close of the poem to a nobler and
larger view of life.
LOCK'WOOD, Belva Ann (Bei^xett) (1830
— I . An American lawyer and reformer. ' She
was born at Royalton. N. Y., graduated at
Genesee College, Lima, N. Y., and after teaching
school for eleven years studied law and was ad-
milted to the bar of the District of Columbia in
1873. In 1S79 she was admitted to practice be-
fore the Supreme Coiirt. under a law admitting
women, which she had been instrumental in get-
ting passed. She lectured frequently and be-
came prominent in peace, woman sutfrage, and
tem])erance movements. In 1884 and in 1SS8 she
was nominated for President by the Equal Rights
Party, and in 1890 represented the United States
under a connnission from the Secretari" of State
at the Congress of Charities and Corrections held
at Geneva. Switzerland. She was married in
1848 to Uriah H. McXall. who died five years
later, and in 1808 to Dr. Ezekiel Lockwood.
LOCKWOOD, James Booth (1852-84). An American Arctic explorer, born at Annapolis, Md., where his father. Gen. H. H. Lockwood (q.v.), was a professor in the United States Naval Academy. He was educated at Bethlehem, Pa., and at Saint John's College, Annapolis, was a surveyor for several years, and in October, 1873, received a commission as second lieutenant in the Regular Army. For the next seven years he served in the West, being detailed on Government surveys and the construction of telegraph lines. In 1881 he accompanied Adolphus W. Greely (q.v.) as second in command on his expedition to Lady Franklin Bay, and his
magnetic observations were among the most important results achieved by the expedition. On April 3, 1882, with eight men on sledges, he started on his famous trip to the North Greenland coast, reaching Cape Britannia on May 5, and thence proceeding northward over unknown land and ice, and reaching, on May 13th, the land called in his honor Lockwood Island, in latitude 83° 24', the nearest point to the pole which had been reached up to that time. He returned to his companions at Fort Conger on June 17th. having traveled a distance of 1069 miles in sixty days, and added 125 miles of coast-line to the map of Greenland. He attempted in the following year to attain a more northerly point, but failed. Later, in 1883, with Brainard,
he crossed Grinnell Land, but the privations of the hard winter of 1883-84 told on his health, and he died at Cape Sabine in the following April. Consult: Lanman, Farthest North (New York, 1885). and the official Reports on the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition (Washington, 1887).
LOCKWOOD, Henry Hayes (1814-90). An American soldier and authority on military tactics. He was born in Kent Coimty. Del., graduated at West Point in 1830. served in the Seminole War as a lieutenant in the Second Artillery, and resigned his commission in the next year.
In 1841 he was made professor of mathematics at the United States Naval Academy, where from 1851 to 1866 he held the professorship oi field artillery and infantry tactics. He entered the Union Army in the Civil War as colonel of the
First Delaware infantry, was commissioned a brigadier-general of volunteers on August 8, 1801, and served in the defenses of the lower Potomac. He commanded a brigade at Gettysburg, and in the winter of 1803-64 was commander of the Middle Department with headquarters at Baltimore. Later he took part in the Richmond campaign, lie was the author of Manual of Naval Batteries (1852), and Exercises in Small Arms and Field Artillery (1852).
LOCKYER, lok'yer. Sir Joseph Norman ( 1830— ) . An English astronomer and physicist, born at Rugby. He studied in England and on the Continent. In 1857 he was appointed clerk at the War Office, which position he retained for several years, devoting his leisure to the study of astronomy. In 1870 he was appointed secretary of the Duke of Devonshire's commission on scientific instruction and the advancement of science, and in 1871 assistant commissioner. He was transferred to the Science and Art Department at South Kensington in 1875. From 1870
to 1900 he was the leader of the English Government Eclipse Expeditions. On the foundation of the Royal College, he was appointed professor of astronomical physics and director of the Solar Physical Observatory at South Kensington, His
contributions to the knowledge of the physical condition of the heavenly bodies are valuable. He also carried out spectroscopical researches on the chemistry of the sun, for which he was granted the Rumford medal by the Royal Society in 1874. He discovered, simultaneously with Dr. Jansscn, the possibility of successful observations of the solar prominences in broad daylight by means of the spectroscope. His name appears together with that of Dr. Janssen on a medal struck by the French Government in 1872 in commemoration of the discovery. He also advanced the theory of the origin of cosmical systems, according to which the various orders of the heavenly bodies are alike composed
of meteorites. The assumption that there exists a relation between the number of sun-spots and the rainfall on the earth is due to his investigations. Among his publications may be mentioned: Why the Earth's Chemistry Is As It Is (1800) ; Elementary Lessons in Astronomy (1868-94); Report to the Committee on Solar Physics on the Basic Lines Common to Spots and Prominences (1880); Questions on Astronomy (1870); Contributions to Solar Physics (1873) ; Star-Gnziny, Past and Present (1877) ; Studies in Spectrum
Analysis (1878) ; The Movement of the Earth (1887) ; The Chemistry of the Sun (1887) ; The Meteoritio Bypotheses (1800): The Dnirn of Astronomy (1894); The Sun's Place in Nature (1897); Recent and Common Eclipses (1897); Inorganic Evolution (1900). He also made numerous contributions to the Proceedings of the Royal and the Royal Astronomical Societies.
LOCLE, 16'kr, Le. A town of the Canton of Neuchatel. Switzerland, situated on the French frontier, five miles southwest of Chaux-de-Fonds ( Map : Switzerland, AD. The tow n has been rebuilt since a fire in 1833, and contains among its educational buildings an imposing college, a
