Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/585

L0CIVEE. 510 LUCRETIA. LtrCIVEE, loo'si-ve'. A name in Xew Eng- land and Quebec, corrupted from the French loup cerrier ('deer wolf), for the wild cat of that region — the Canadian lynx. See Lynx. LUCKE, hi'ke, Gottfried Christian Fried- BICH (1791-1855). A German commentator. He was born at Egeln, in the Duchy of Magdeburg; studied theology at Halle and at Giittingen. In 1818 he was made ordinary professor of theology at Bonn, and devoted himself with enthusiasm to the study of exegesis and Church history. In 1827 he became professor of theology- at GiJt- tingcn. and died there February 14, 1855. His chief work was a commentary on the writings of Saint .John (partly translated, Edinburgh, 1837 ) . His library is now at Harvard. LTJCKENWALDE, lukVn-val'de. A town of the Province of Brandenburg, Prussia, situated on the river Xuthe, 30 miles south-southwest of Berlin (Jlap: Prussia, E 2). It has important cloth and hat factories, machine-shops, iron- foundries, and a considerable trade in beer and lumber. Popukition, in 1890, 18,398; in 1900, 20,980. LUCKNEB, Ii.ik'ner. Xikolaus, Count ( 1722- 94) . A French soldier, born at Cham, Bavaria. He entered the Bavarian Army, then that of Holland, and, in command of a corps of Hano- verian hussars, distinguished himself in the Seven Years' War. In 1703 he joined the French Army with the rank of lieutenant-general. In 1791 he was made a marshal, and in 1792 took command of the national troops in the north of France. He soon was replaced by Keller- mann, and was reprimanded by the Convention for his inadequate success. In January of the next year lie was guillotined. LTJCKNOW, liik'nou. The capital of Oudh, Briti.sh India, on the right bank of the Guinti, 42 miles northeast of Cawnpore. and 075 miles northwest of Calcutta by rail (Map: India, D 3). The river here, spanned by three bridges, one of iron, is navigable for several miles above the town, and below to the Ganges. The city is 300 feet above the sea. From a distance it has an imposing appearance, with its domes, minarets, and pinnacles, but the impression is diminished on a nearer inspection by the squalor of its numerous narrow streets and the mean dwellings of the poorer natives. The chief public buildings are the .Juma JIusjid or great mosque, the Kaiser Bagh. Chattar Manzil and Farhat Baksh palaces, and the royal mausolea. including the Imambara, built by Asafudaulah within the Machchi Bhawan or great fort, the latter noted for its splendid western entrance, the Rumi Darwazah or Constantinople Gate. Considerable improve- ments were effected in the sanitary conditions during the latter half of the nineteenth cen- tury, and the city took control of the water- works. Among the educational institutions is a college for half-caste children, situated in the Jlartini&re. ,a pretentious building erected by Claude Martin, a French private soldier who rose to power and wealth under the British and native governments. The Canning College, founded in 1804. and affiliated to the University of Alla- habad, has five departments; there are also an observatory, an interesting mu.seum. hospital, and dispensary, and various European mission churches and schools. The manufacture of mus- lins, lace, gold and silver brocade, shawls, and velvets is carried on; large railway workshops liave been established here, and Luckiiow has an extensive trade in grain, raw cotton, tim- ber, iron, and the general products of the prov- ince. Although Lucknow is conspicuous by an absence of antiquities, it is understood to be older than any other of the gi-cat Indian cities, and is said to have been founded by Lakshmana, brother of Rama. From 1775 it was the capital of the Kingdom of Oudh until the annexation by the British. During the mutiny of 1837 Lucknow surpassed every other station in the energj- and obstinacy of the defense by the Brit- ish garrison against the insurgents. Intrenched in the Residency, now one of the show places of the city, for twelve weeks 1700 men held out against a besieging force of over 10,000, until rcenforeed in September by new troops under Generals Havelock and Outrani. The siege, how- ever, was not raised, but continued until Sir Colin Campbell reached the city two months later and enabled the garrison to withdraw. The city was regained by the British in March of the following vear. Population, in 1891. 273,- 028; in 1901, 204,049. Consult Innes, Lucknoxo and Outir in the Mutiny (London, 1895). LUCK OF EDEN HALL, The. A tenth-cen- tury enetian drinking-glass. preserved in the ilusgrave family at Eden Hall, Cumberland. Eng- land. The legend relates that it was stolen from the fairies and that the fortunes of the house are closely bound up with it. Under the title Long- fellow translated Uhland's ballad (1834) "Das Gliick von Edenhall." LUCKY GOWAN, gou'nn, or LrcKEN Gowa:? . See Globe- Flower. LUCRECE, lu-kres', The Rape of. A poem by Shakespeare, based on the story of the wife of L. Taiquinius Collatinus. It was printed in 1.594 with a dedication to the Earl of .Southampton. LUCRETIA, lu-kre'shi-a. The most famous lieroine in early Roman storv-. She was the wife of L. Tarquinius Collatinus (of CoUatia). a mem- ber of a collateral branch of the Tarquinian royal family. When the Roman Army was be- sieging Ardea, the young nobles in their camp fell into a discussion regarding the character of their wives, and resolved, in a lull in the hos- tilities, to ride back and come upon them by surprise. At Rcmie they found the King's daugh- ters feasting and making merry; then they has- tened to Collatia. where Lucretia was spinning among Iier slaves. Thereupon they returned to the camp: but the infamous Sextus Tarquinius, one of the King's sons, fired by an ignoble pas- sion, returned secretly to Collatia, and in the dead of night entered I-ucretia's room and forced her. under a horrible threat, to comply with his desires. But no sooner had he left than Lucretia aroused the household, summoned her husband and father, and related what had happened. Then, making them swear to avenge her. she stabbed herself and died. When the facts were known the indignant people arose against the Tarquins. whom they expelled from the city, and established the Republican Governmaut (c.509 B.C.). See Bkiti-s, Lucius Junius. LUCRETIA; or. The CnttoREN of the XlCHT. A novel by Bulwer (1840). It is the story of Thomas Wninwright. a noted poisoner, who appears in the character of Varney.