McCLERNAND. 600 McCLOSKEY. the attack on Fort Doiiclson; was promoted in the following March to be a major-general of volunleers; and commanded a division, April (ith and 7th, at the battle of Shiloli (q.v.). On January 4, 181)3, he superseded tJen. W. T. Sher- man in the oommand of the expedition against V'ieksburg (the latter general retaining the com- mand of his own corps, the Fifteenth), but was soon afterwards relieved by (ieneral Grant. His division having been eoniljined with the naval forces under Admiral Porter (.laimary 11th), he conniianded the expedition that finally carried by storm the garrison village of Arkansas Post. He also distinguished himself in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion Hill, Big Black River, and Baker's Creek. In July, ISO,'!, he was relieved of the command of the Thirteenth Army Corps, and on November 30, 18fi4, he resigned from the service and retired to private life, resuming the practice of the law at Springfield, 111. MACCLESFIELD, nulk'k'lzfeld. A manu- facturing town in Cheshire, Kngland, on the river Bollin, 15 miles southeast of JNIancliester (Map: England, D 3). Notable buildings are the Church of Saint Michael's, founded in 1278; a grammar school endowed in 1502; the town hall, and infirmary. It is an active nnmicipality and owns water and gas works, markets, quarries, cemetery, two parks, and bath, and maintains a free library and technical schools. Silks and other textiles are manufactured, and bleaching is an important industry. In the vicinity, coal, slate, and stone are obtained. Macclesfield was a por- tion of the Mercian royal demesne; it bccaTue a borough in 1201 and was incorporated in 1G78. Population, in 1891, 36,000; in 1901, 34.G00. McCLIN'TOCK, Sir Francis Leopold (1819 — ). t
Knglish naval ofiicer and explorer. He
was born in Ireland, entered the navy in 1831, and in 1838 went to South America in the steam- ship Gordon. He was attached to the Pacific squadron, in 1848 was a member of the Arctic expedition imder Sir James C. Ross, and in 1850 was first lieutenant of the Resistance in the Arctic expedition for the relief of Sir John Franklin. On his return to England he was made commander, and in 1852 served under Sir Edward Belcher in a third Arctic expedition. He succeeded in rescuing Captain McClure near Melville Island (1854), hut was afterwards obliged to abandon his own vessel. In 1857, in command of the Fox, fitted out by Lady Franklin, he started on a new search for Sir John Franklin, and made t'.ie first discovery of the ex|dorer'3 death on the northwestern coast of King William Land. On his return in 1859 he was knighted, and received the degree of doctor of laws from the universities of Oxford, Cambridge, and Dub- lin. He was made a rear-admiral in 1871 and a vice-admiral in 1877; was in command of the North American and West Indian station from 1879 to 1882; was promoted to be full admiral in 1884; and in 1887 received an admiral's pen- .sion. He published Voyage of the Fox in the Arctic fiea.t (1859). McCLINTOCK, John (1814-70). A Metho- dist Episcopal theologian. He was born in Phila- delphia, October 27, 1814, and graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1835. He was ordained a minister of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, and acted as pro- fessor of mathematics and of Greek and Latin in Dickinson College from 1830 to 1840. In 1848 ho was elected by the General Conference editor of the Methodist (Juartciiy Review, retaining the position for eight years. In 1850 he was ap- pointed, with Bishop Simpson, a delegate to the Wesleyan Jlethodist Conference of England, and to the meeting of the Evangelical Alliance hchl at Berlin. In 1857 he became pastor of Saint Paul's Methodist Church in New^ York, and in 1800 was i)reacher in the American Chajjcl in Paris. During the Civil War he advocated with ability the Union cause, and his home in Paris was a rallying centre for patriotic Americans. Returning to America in 1804, he was again, for a short time, placed in charge of Saint Pauls Church in New York. His health failing, he re- signed in 1805, and resided in Germantown, Pa. In 1800 he removed to New Brunswick, X. .1.. supplying for a time Saint .James's Church, and was made chairman of the Central Centenary Committee of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1867 he became president of Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, N, J., and held the jjosi- tion till his death there, March 4, 1870. Besides numerous articles in periodicals, he published a translation of Neander's Life of Christ (1847) ; Sketches of Eminent Methodist Ministers [ISii'S) ; The Temporal Power of the Pope; a translation of Bungener's History of the Council of Trent (1851) ; and prepared, in collaboration witlv Dr. Blumenthal, Analysis of ^yatson's Theoloyical Institutes ( 1850) . In the last twenty years of his life he labored in preparing the Cyelopwdia of Biblical, Theoloyical, and Ecclesiastical Litera- ture, in connection with Dr. James Strong. At the time of his death three volumes had been pub- lished ; the work was continued by Dr. Strong and finished in 1887 (12 vols.). A volume of Dr. Mc- Clintock's sermons, entitled Living ll'o)Y/.'i( 1871 ) , and Lectures on Theological Enci/clopadia and Methodology (1873) were published after his death. Consult his Life by Crooks (New York, 1876). McCLOS'KEY, .loiiN (1810-85). An Ameri- can Ktiuian Catholic prelate. He was born in Brooklyn, was educated at Mount Saint Jlary's College, Emmitsburg, Md,, and made his theologi- cal studies there, in Rome, and in France. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1834, and on his return from Europe became pastor of Saint Joseph's Church, New Y'ork. In 1841 he was made the first president of Saint John's College, Fordham, N. Y., but returned to parochial work in the next year. He was appointed coadjutor to Bishop Hughes of New Y'ork in 1844, and was consecrated Bishop of Axieren in partibus. In 1847 he was appointed the first Bishop of the new Diocese of Albany. He administered the affairs of his see with distinguished ability; built the cathedral at Albany, founded the theological seminary at Troy, erected many churches, estab- lished charitable and religious institutions, and introduced monastic orders and lay communities. In July, 1804, he succeeded Dr. Hughes as Arch- bishop of New Y'ork, where his administration was marked by similar energy and resultant growth of the Church and its institutions. In 1875 he was made a cardinal. At the Vatican Council of 1869-70 he was a member of the committee on discipline. Cardinal McCloskey was a profound scholar and an etTective preacher. He was a sagacious administrator, of great executive abil- ity and a quiet impressive manner. I I
