Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/398

NEISSE. 348 NELLORE. nnfiiuni, formerly a Jesuit college. The town has niaiiufaetiires of furniture, machinery, blankets, lace, and wire screens, and carries on a trade in sugar, wood, marble, and vegetables. Popula- tion, in 1890, 2-J.444: in URIO. 24,271. Neisse was formerly the capital of the Principality of Neisse, which belonged to the Bishopric of Pres- lau. NEITH, ne'ith. An Kgyjilian goddess wor- Bhi|)cd especially at Sais in the Delta. She is mentioned in some of the most ancient inscrip- tions. I)ut did not attain any special prominence until the time of Dynasty 26, which originated in 8ais. Neith is re])resentcd as a woman wear- ing the crown of Lower Kgypt, and hohling in licr hand a bow and arrows together with the sceptre of a gotldess. It is probalile that she was origi- nally a Libyan divinity. Consult: Wiedemann, Itfligioti of the Ancient Egypiianst (New York, 1,S!)7) ; Mallet, Lc ciillc de Xeit a Sais (Paris, 1889); Petrie, Xagada and Ballan (London, 1896). NEIVA, na't'-Vii. A town of the Department of Tolima, Colombia, on the right bank of the River Magdalena, at the head of navigation for light craft, and 112 miles southwest of Bogota (Map: Colombia, C ,3). It is the chief centre for commerce for Southern Colombia, is cele- brated for its cacao, and has an ex|)ort trade in cattle. There are minor industries in silk-weav- ing and in the manufacture of hats. Its former trade in cinchona lias largely disap])eared through the (h'struction of the trees. Xeiva was founded in iiM. and nineteen years later destroyed by the Indians. It was rebuilt in 1(!12 on its pres- ent site. It remained the cajiital of the depart- ment until 1888. Its j)o])nlation, in 1892. was about .5000; of the nuinicipal district, 10,000. NEJD, nejd. A region of Arabia. See XED.IKI). NEKHBET, nek'bet. An Kgyptian deity, the local ilivinily of llie city of Eileithyia (q.v.). NEKRASOFF, nyi'^krii'suf. Nikol.vi .lex- EYKvnni (1821-78). A Knssian poet. b<irn in the (iiivernnicnt of Podolia. At sixteen he left the Yaroslav Gymnasium, and was sent to Saint Petersburg to enter the Regiment of Nobles. He matriculated at the university in 18:i9, where- upon liis father east him olT. For three years he sull'ereil fearful privations, and amid his bitter surnuindings liis jjoctic genius turned into a 'nuise of vengeance and dolcir.' . tutorship in a prepara- tory school a!id Slime hack-work fur pcriudiraN improved his material circumstances. Wliile writ- ing for the Annuls of the Fatherland he ch;inced to show Byelinski a poem, "On the Road." The warm praise of that great critic turned Ne- krasolT to hi.s true vocation. He bought the Contemporary (1847), which soon became the most popular monthly in Russia. The years between ISof! and 18(!(> were the most brilliant period in his literary activity. I'ntil then de- spondent and doubting, he now shared the ro-^eate ho|)es amused bv the great reform movement. Though mainly the singer of the people's sntTer- inps. he did not confine himself within that narrow circle. His works depict the 'down- trodden and oppressed' nf all classes of Russian society. His I'nlherliind. I'easiintf,' Children, and jMst ftongs are among the luost touching of his poems. The peasant groaning under the heavy hands of the master, the workman haul- ing the barges on the Volga, the heroic devotioa of the wives of the Decembrists as lliey follow their husliands to the Silicrian dungeons straiglit from the glamor of the Cmirt (liunsian UohkhI, bear witness to tile range of his sympathies. The meeting of husbands and wives in the dark mines of Siberia {I'ussian H'ohich) is probably the most moving and powerful episode in all Russian literature, and his Hero for an Hour would alone give liini an international reputation. The long poem (.5000 verses) ll'Ao IJres Happily in h'tis- siaf written in an imusual metre, is sometimes dilVuse in the treatment of the whole life of the ulinle nation, but the greater part of it is ad- iiiiralde. Mc died .January 8. 1878. The Last ,S'oH(/s, written with a dying hand, are overpower- ing in their intensity of feeling. NELATON, rui'la-tOjj', Auguste (1807-73). A I'lciiih surgeon, born in Paris. He received liis ddclur's degree in 18.3(>, from 1839 until 1851 was adjunct professor in the Faculty of Paris, and from the latter year until 18(i7 was professor of clinical surgery. He became a Senator in 18(i8, and a member of the Institute in 18ti9. He was one of the most skillful operators of his time, and made several important imiirovemcnts in surgery, one of which, a probe, having an un- polished |)orcehun knob at its end, much used in military surgery in searching for bullets, is called Xi'laton's probe. His principal work is EU'mcnIs de ptilhohxiic ehirurgieale {2d ed. 1808-85). NEOjEUS (Lat., from Gk. XrjXeiis). A son of Poseidon and brother of Pelias. Having been exposed by their mother, the brothers were fcuind and brought up by a herdsman, and when grown up were recognized by their mother. Tyro, wlio had married Crethcus of lolcus. After Cretheus's death tlicy cpiarieled over the possession of lolcus. and Nelcus withdrew to Pvlos in Mcssenia. lie- cause Neleus refused to purify Heracles after the murder of Iphitus, Heracles killed all Neleus's sons excejit Nestor, .ccording to one account Xelens perished with his sons. He is also said to have reestablished the Olympic (James and to have died at Corinth. NELIGH, ne'lig. A city and the county-scat of Aiitcliipc County, Neb., 152 miles northwest of Omaha; on the Klkhorn Iliver. and on the Frcmiint. Elkhorn and Missouri Valley Railroad (ilap: Nebraska, (i I). Gates .cadeniy (Con- gregational), with a library of 5000 vnluiiics. is located here. The city is the eonimcrcial centre iif a large ;igricultural and stock-raising region. .lfalfa is extensively cultivated in this vicinity. I'lipulatiiin. in 1890," 1209; in 1900, 11;!5. NELLORE, nel lor', or NELLTJR, iiel Innr'. The capital of a district, Madras. British India, situated on an elevation on the right liank of the Pennair River, eight miles from its mouth, and 90 miles northwest of Madras hy rail (Map- India. D 0). It is irregularly built and lias densely populated sections; but there arc also some good streets. It is the scat of several Fiiriipcan missions. One of the features of the vicinity is the anient, 077 yards long, the chief irrigation work on the Pennair. The town has a good water supply. The ancient Sinlia|)ur. "lion city." was formerly an important fortress. The discovery in the ruins of a Hindu temple, at the end of the eighteenth century, of a pot filled with second century Roman gold coins and medals.