Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/402

NELSON. 353. NEMATHELMINTHES. 1781 he succeeded Ji'lleison as Governoi' of Vir- ginia, though he resigned in November. Impov- erislied by liis liberal advances to the State (luring the war, he passed his last years in very straitened circumstances, and much of his property was sold to pay public debts, for which he was security. NELSON, William (1825-G2). An American naval oUkcr and .-oldier, born in Maysville, Ky. He entered the United States Navy in 1840, and in 1847 commanded a battery at the siege of Vera Cruz. He subsequentlv served in tlie Med- iterranean and South Pacific, was promoted to the rank of master in 18.)4 and to that of lieu- tenant in 1855, and in 1858, as commander of the iagara, transported to Africa the negroes who had been rescued from the slave-ship Echo. In 18G1 he was on ordnance <luty at Washington, and at the outbreak of the Civil War he was placed in command of the gunboats on the Ohio, with the rank of lieutenant-commander. He left the navv soon afterwards, entered the military service, was ordered to Kcntuckv, and there es- tablished recruiting stations, and organized camp 'Dick Robinson.' iwar Danville, and a similar rendezvous at Washington, in ^lason Coimty. In September, 18()1. he beiame a brigadier-general of volunteers, and at the battle of Shiloh (April 0- 7, 18(i2) he commanded the second division under General Buell. (See SiiiLOii, Battle of.) He was wounded in the engagement at Richmond, Ky. ; was in command at Louisville. Kv., in 1862. when the Confederate general Bragg threatened that citv. and in .luly of this year was eommis- sione<l major-general of volunteers. On S<>ptem- ber 29th he was fatally shot at the Gait House, Louisville, b.v the Kederal general Jefferson C. Davis, in a |)ersonal quarrel. NELSON, WoLKKKo (1702-18G3). A Canadian physician and revolutionist. The son of an Kng- lish otticer, he was born at .Montreal. In 1811 he began the practice of medicine in Saint Denis. In the war with the United States. 1812. he served as surgeon. He was chosen representative of Sorel in the Canadian Parliament of 1827. lie took a leading part in the revolution of 1837, and was in command at the victory obtained b.v the insurgents at Saint Denis, on the Richelieu River, but was captured and sent to Bermuda as an exile. The following .vear he settled at Platts- burg. N. Y.. and in 1842". after the declaration of a general amnesty, returned to Montreal. He was again elected to Parliament from his former district in 1844 and 1845, and in 1851 was m.ade inspector of prisons, a position which he held for several years. He served as Mayor of Montreal two terms and was at the head of the Lower Canaila College of Physicians and Surgeons. He dieil in Montreal. NELSON MONUMENT. A granite column in the centre of Trafalgar Sciuare. London. I'opied from a Corinthian eolnnm of the Temple of .Mars Ultor. in Rome, an<l crowned with a statue of Nelson, 17 feet in height. The shaft. 145 feet high, was erected in 1843 by voluntarv- subscrip- tions. The pedestal bears bronze reliefs, east from French cannon, depicting scenes from Nel- son's life. .t the foot of (he column are four eoIo-^.;al bronze lion-, by Sir Edwin Landseer. NELSON RIVER. The principal river in the Canadian Territory of Keewatin. forming the lower course of the Sn.skatchewan (q.v.) (Map: Northwest Territories, K 3). It llows from the north end of Lake Winnipeg, first nortliward, through a series of lakes, then nortlica5.tward, into Hudson Bay at York Factor}-, after a course ■ enii)tying through the estuary of Port Nelson of about 400 miles. It is deep, wide, and swift, discharging an enormous volume of water; rapids and falls in its upper reaches limit its navigation by steamers to from 80 to !)0 miles, though boats can ascend 127 miles from its mouth. NELSON'S FARM, Battle of. See Fba- zier'.s F.iKM, Battle of. NEL'SONVILLE. A city in Athens County, Ohio, 02 miles southeast of the State capital, Co- hnnbus ; on the Hocking River, and on the Hocking Valle.v Railroad (Maj): Ohio, F 7). There is an im])ortant trade in coal, which is mined extensive- l.y in the vicinity, this being one of the most pro- ductive coal fields of the State. Nelsonville has a large establishment which manufactures mining implements, car wheels, etc., and conducts a large repair business. The water-works are owned by the municipalit}'. Population, in 1890, 4558; in 1900, 5421. NELTJM'BO (Ceylonese name), XilKmbiiim. A glim- (if aquatic plants similar to water-lilies, and often included under that name in the nat- ural <nder N.ymplnrace.T. The few species which are found in tlie warm parts of Asia, North America, and the north of Africa, are all distin- guished by the beauty of their flowers. Xclumhiiim upeciosum, with rose-colored flowers, is the Egv'p- tian bean of Pythagoras, the lotus (q.v.) held sacred by the Hindus and b.y the people of Tibet, has been used as a food by the Egyptians from remote antiquity, and is much esteemed where it is cultivated, espeeiall.y in China, for its edible seeds, roots, leaf-stalks, and flower-.stalks. The seeds resemble acorns in size and shape, and have a more delicate flavor than almonds. The root contains much starch, and Chinese arrowroot is said to be obtained from it. Great quantities are pickled with salt and vinegar, and eaten with rice. When powdered it makes excellent soup with water or milk. The ancient Egy-ptian mode of sowing this plant, bv inclosing each seed in a ball of clay, and throwing it into the water, is practiced at the present day in India. A'r/iun- 6i»»! hitciim is a North .merican species, with yellow flowers, which extends almo-it as far north as Ontario. The edible seeds, called water chin quapins, are sought for by children and others, and the farinaceous roots are agreeable when boiled. NEMATHELMINTHES ( Neo-Lat. nom. pi.. from Gk. inj)ui, n*mn, thread -f Am'", hetmiti.f, worm). A large and important phylum of the unsegmented worms, of a more or less ebm- gated cylindrical form and known as 'round- worms. Their skin is thick and strong, and is usually wrinkled, giving the body a slightly annulated appearance, which, how- ever, disappears if the animal is placed in water. The nervous .system in the higher forms consists of two lateral ganglia at the anterior extremity, which are united by a nervous ring, and from which two nervous trunks, one dorsal and one ventral, proceed to the posterior part of the body. In the lower forms the dorsal cord is wanting, or else the ventral cord is wanting and there are two lateral cords. Special organs of Bcnsc arc rarely met with ; but a general sense