NOTKEB. 652 NOTRE DAME. NOTTCER. The name of two monks of the Swiss -MonasU'ry of Saint Gall. Xotkkh B.l- lULls (f.S40-'.n2) did much for church music by ]x;rfoctiiig the 'sequence' (q.v.). More than tliirl^' melodies and about forty arranfjements of words are ascribed to Xotker, who was canonized in 1.513. — XoTKEB LAnEO, the 'Thick-Lipped' (c.!loO-1022) , was a great teacher, and it is prob- ably to his school ratlu'r than to him individu- ally that we should ascribe the many translations which bear bis name, .mong tlicse are versions in (Jerman of Koethius's On the Voii.solat ion of I'liilosoiihi/, Aristotle's Ciilcf/oricfi and lliimv- mnilics, and the l.atin Psalter. These works have great value from the pliili)l<)i;ical point of view as examples of Old High (k-rman. They are edited by Piper, Nothers iinil seiner fichulc Schriften (188.3-8-t). Consult KcUe, Die Sanht Culler {leutxchen Schriften und Xotker Laheo (Munich, 1888). NOTO, mVto. A city in the Province of Syra- cuse Sicily. 17 miles southwest of the city of Syra- cuse. an<l three miles from the Mediterranean (.Map: Italy. K 11). It is a handsome town with rich churches, beautiful palaces, and broad straight streets, and is the see of a l>ishii]i. Its academy has a library and a collection of antiquities. A trade is carried on in corn, wine, and oil. Note w«is built in 1703 near the site of an older tovn of the same name (the ancient Xetiim ) , destroyed bv an earthquake in lfi!)3. Pojuilalion (com- nniucl. in ISSI, 18.230; in 1001. 22,5(U. NO'TOCHORD (from Ok. kjtos. nOtos, back -1" xopSi), ehordf, covA) . A cellular, cartilage-like rod. arising in the embr_yo as an axial tliickcn- ing of the hypoblast. It forms the basis of the vertebral cohnnn, i.e. the segmented axial skele- ton of verlel)rate anin:als. It is composed of a |icciiliar form of cellular (issue, called no- liKliiirdal tissue, formed of large vacuolated cells exten<ling from side to side of the notochord and having the nuclei confined to its dorsal and ventral regions. .Vround these tissues is a 'notoebordal sheath' of connective tissue, which is produced dorsally into a canal for the nervous .system. ,In all except the lower vertebrates, Ainphioxus (q.v.). lampreys, sharks, and certain armored fishes, the notochord is a transitory endiryonic structiire, replaced later by the per- manent vertebral cohuiin. Us ]ircseiice in em- bryonic or adult structures is the i)rimary char- acteristic of the pliyhim f'bordata (q.v.) ; and the traces of it in ascidians, IJalanoglossus, etc., led to the inclusion of those worm-like forms in this phylum as .deloeliorda and I'rochcuda. Si-c I'laic of A.SCIDI.V.NS. NOTOG.ffiA, no'ta-je'A (Neo-Lat., from Ok. 1-4x0!, nolon, south + 7ora, (laia, earth). A term in zoiigeography used as the name of a great faunal region in two dilTerent .senses: (1) as embracing tb<> whole Southern Hemisphi're except .frica, and opposed to '.Xrctogica' or the llolarctic lleginn ; anil (2) as the e<|uivahiil of Neotropical Region (q.v.: see also Di.sTKliilTlox OK .m.m.m.,s). The first use of the term was proposed by Huxley in 1808. to reconcile eortain -Iriking resemblances between .usf ralasin and South America — such, for instance, as the pres- ence of marsupials' in both, and not elsewhere; he also applied the synonymical name .Austro- f'olumbinn Region. The implication of this col- location in the same category of two continents, B T now so remote from one another, was that in ancient times there was a land-connection be- tween them. The secondary use of 'Notoga'a' for South and Central America and the Antilles has not come into general use; nor has the term 'Dendrogsea,' proposed bj- Selater. NOTONEC'TA. See Wateb-Bug. NOTOR'NIS (Xeo-Lat., from Ok, vbroi. notos, south -|- ipms, amis, bird), .V genus of large flightless rails or gallinulcs now nearly extinct. Only one living species is known, Xutorni/,- Man- tclli, of the southern island of New Zealana, ^vhieh was first described by Owen from renuiins found with those of various moas, A living specimen, however, was taken in 1840, a .second in 1851, a third in 1879, and a fourth, now well j)reservcd at Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1808, A second, purely white species, has become extinct within historic times on Norfidk Island, a single skin in Vieiuia being its sole remnant. See Kx- TixcT Animals: Flightless Bmns, NOTOSUCHXTS, no't.'.-su'kus (Neo-Lat„ from Cik, 1-6x01, notos, south + ffoCxos, souchos, sort- of crocodile), A small unarmored crocodile found fossil in Patagonian fornuitions regarded as of Cretaceous age. It had a short, broad skull, blunt nose, mesosuchian palate, and the teeth few, small (except the unusually large canines), and laterally comprcs.sed. NO'TOTHE'BIUM (Neo-Lat., from Ok. i-Atos, notiis, south -f 0r)plov, therion, diminutive of flijp, tliCr, wild beast). A fossil marsupial mam- mnl of the suborder Diprotodontida', found in the Pleistocene beds of Australia, See DlpRoionox' ; and Mammalia. n6tRE, nft'tr', Andr^ le. A French archi- tect and landscape gardener. See Le NOtre, AxoRt. NOTRE DAME (nA'tr' dam) DE PARIS, ('A'niLDKAL OF. A church in Paris, tlic most celc- brat<'d among the many churches dedicat(Kl to the X'irgin in France, It is situated on the tie de la Cite, The remains of a temple of .lupiter Cer- naunus and the image of a horned god were found on the spot about 375, when a chureh was erected on the same site. In the sixth century there were- two churches there, (ledicated to Saint St<'pben and the VirgiiL Cbildebcrt rebuilt the latter alxait 520 in a I!<inian style, considered very grand. The first glass window now known of in France was placed in it. Fragments of mosaic anil precious marbles suiqiosed to be from the floor and columns of this church were discovered in excavations in 1847i and are now in the MusC>e de Cluny. This chureh was pillaged and partly destroyed by the Nor- nuins in 857. but it was repaired by Bishop . seric. In 1140 the AbbC- of Saint Denis put in
- i i;Iass window of great beauty. It was then
called the ei/lise neure. to distinguish it from Saint Ktienne. called le rieii.r. In the twelfth century both were falling into ruins, though they jy ha(l for centuries been used for the great re- ^ ligious ceremonies and royal pageants of France. Jf .About 1100 Bishop Maurice de Sully resolved to replace both old churches with a single edifice worthy of the capital of the kingdom, and in 1163 the foundation of the present majestic pile was begun, its corner stone being laiil by Pope .AleX- an<ler III., then a refugee in Fr«nce. The choir ~ was the first part begun and the work was pushed 5 I.
