MOUCHEZ. 64 MOTJCHEZ, iniTUsha'. AiitatK (1821-92). A Kieiuli iiilroiioiiK'r. born at JIadiid. He studied in the Krcncli Naval Academy and servc.l in the navy until 1878. when he succeeded l^vei- rier as head of Iht- National Observatory. He had already shown himself an able and indus- trious scientist in the coast surveys of Brazil and Algeria, and as organizer of the expedition to the island of Saint Paul to observe the transit of enus in 1874. In his new post he greatly improved the equipment of the observatory, lirought out a score of volumes of the Anmiles and a part of the catalogues listing all sUrs observed since 1838, and. above all. planned the international photographic cliarl of the heavens. He wrote: Coles dii Hnsll ( 1809-76) ; Rio de la J'lata (187.31 : and I.ii pliulo(jraphie astronomique el III curie (III rid ( 1877). MOUFLON. niHoflon (Fr.). A wild sheep (Oris miifimoii). now, and perhaps always, re- stricted to the islands of Corsica and Sardinia, where it is contincd to the highest parts of the mountains. The rams stand about 27 inches high at the shoulders, carry immense horns, and have an abundant mane about the neck, shoulders, and breast. This mane is ashy gray, hut the body is rustv red. lighter on the sides and stern, and with a "dark line along tlic spine. The belly, sides of the tail, feet, and nose are white. The females are more dun-colored, so that they are almost in- visible among the rocks. During the winter Hocks of several hundred formerly gathered and ranged the mountains luitil spring, when they separated into family parties of three or four ewes and lambs, led by an old ram : but now large Hocks are uncommon. The rutting season is in midwinter; the lambs — one or two at a hirlh — are produced in April or May. The animals liave now become very wary, and olTer most excellent sport to hunters. Consult bix)ks of European natural history and sport, especially Aflalo, Sport in Europe (London. 1901). The term is sometimes extended to the aoudad (q.v.), and more especially to a slightly smaller sheep (Oris ophion). with lighter horns, which is conftned to the mountains of Cyprus, and called the Cy)iri;in iiioullon. MOTJKDEN, mnnk-den'. The capital of Man- churia. Si-e -MlKDEX, MOULDING, See Molding, MOULIN KOUGE, moo'lnN' roozh (Fr.. Red
- ^lilh. A well krmwn ilance hall on the right
hank of the Seine in Paris, which since the dis- appearance of the .Tardin Mabille has been one of till- .liirf jilaic-. of popular nmusement. MOULINS, mnn'InN'. The capital of the De- partment of AUier. France. .'50 miles hy rail northeast of Montliu.'on ; on the .llier. here spanned bv a bridge one-fourth of a mile long, with thirteen arches (Map: France. K .")). It is u well-btiilt town, with pleasant, beautifully shaded promenades and many places of interest. The chief among these last are the IIot<'l de Villi". with a magnilicent library and valuable manu- script.s; the Cathedral and its interesting art treasures: the .rch:eological Museum, the Church of the Sacred Heart, and the Lyc'-e. The indus- tries comprise the manufacture of glassware, cot- ton and woolen fabrics, and silk: there is an im- portant trade in coal. wood, grain, and wine. Z^Ioulins was for n time the capital of Rour- MOULTRIE. bonnais and the residence of the dukes of Bour- bon; of the ducal castle, a fourteenth-century lower, now used as a prison, remains. Popula- tion, in UIOl. 22., MO. MOULMEIN, moul-mln'. A city in Lower liurnia. See Mallm.I.N. MOULTING. Se<! Molti.xg. MOULTON, mol'ton, Ellen Louise (Ciiand- LKK) I IS^-"' — ). Ai .Vnu'rican poet, horn in Pom- fret, Conn., April 10, 1835. She was educated at Trov. X. Y.. and before her twentieth year had edited' 77ic W'tiicrle;/ (liirliiiul. a Present for AH Seasons (1853), and had written This, Thai, and the Olher (1854). In 1855 she married William Moulton, a Boston publisher and journalist. Her published work is voluminous. The following titles mav be named: Juno Clifford, A Tale (185(i) : My Third Hook, A Colleclion of Tales (1859) ; Bedtime Stories (1873) : More Bedtime .sVonV.s ( 1874 ) ; Poems (1878): ^ew Bedlimv Stories (1880); Random h'ambles (1881); Ohc- selres and Uur Xeighhors (1887); Miss Eyre from Boston, and Others (1889) ; In the Garden of Dreeims: Lyrics aiid Sonnets (1889) ; Stories Told 1)1/ Tuilighl (1890); and At the Wind's AVill (1899). She was the literary executrix of the English poet Philip Bourke Marston. and collected his poems in 1892. In 1894 she published a vohime of selected poems of Arthur O'Shaugh- nessy. -Mrs. Moulton ranks well as a sonneteer and shows skill. MOULTON. UiniARi) fiKF.EN (1849—). An Knglish educator and literary critic, horn at Preston, England, and educated at Christ's Col- lege, Candiridge. He was university extension lecturer to Cambridge (1874-90), to the Ameri- can Societv for the Extension of University Teacliing ("l890-91), and to the London Society (1891-92). and in 1892 became professor of literature in English at the I'niversity of Chi- cago. His works include: Shakespeare as a Dramalic Arlist (1885): The Ancient Classical Drama (1890); Four Years of Xorel Reading ( 1H95) ; The Lilerurti Stud;/ of the Bible (1890) ; and Introduction to the literature of the Bihie (1901): the last two supplementary to The. Modem Readers Bible (1895-98), published un- der his eilitorial care, MOULTRIE, mol'trl. Fort, Sec Fort Moi'l- •riiii:. MOULTRIE, William (1731 1805). An . ieriian soldier, prominent in the Revolutionary War. He was horn in Sotith Carolina, received an ordinnrv edncation. and in the Cherokee troubles of 1701' was a military captain. Though closely connected with many of the Loyalists, he early took sides with the 'Patriot Party. In 1775 he was the representative of Saint Helena Parish in the South (^irolina Provincial Congress, and later in the same year was chosen colonel of a South Carolina regiment. For some time there- after he was busily engaged in providing for the defense of Charleston, and to this end |)laced a hatlerv at Tladdreirs Point and (March, 1770) began the erection of a rude fort of palmetto logs on Snlliv;m's Island. This fort commanded the entrance to the harlmr. and on .Tune 2Sth was fiercelv but imsuccessfiiUy attacked hy .dniiral Sir Peter Parker, who was finally forced to withdraw. Moultrie had undertaken the de- fense against the advice and wish of his
