Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/873

OELWEIN. 743 OERSTED. tion in 1890 of 830 liaving iuereased to 5142 in I'JOO. CENANTHYL'IC ACID from ananthyl, from J.al. unmilltc, from Gk. o'tvdvffii^ oinanihi, first slioot of the vine, vine, from (hvoi;, ohios, vine + di'tfos, anthos, flower), Xormal, GHstCH-); C'OOH. One of the volatile fatty aeids. It was formerly believed to be the aeid component of an ester to which the characteristic odor of wine is due ; it has, however, been shown that that odor is really due to a mixture of esters of the acids called capric and caprylic. Uinanthylic aeid may be prepared best by the oxidation of cenantliol, C„H,3CH0, a product of tlie distillation of eastor-oil. (ENEUS, e'nus (Lat., from Gk. Oii'ciV, Oi- ncus). King of Calydon, the father,' by Althsa, of Mcleager and Deianira, and, by ilelan- ippe, of Tydeus. The famous Calydonian boar, afterwards slain by Meleagcr, was sent to devas- tate his territory as a punishment for his omis- sion of Artemis in sacrificing to all the gods upon reaping the produce of his fields, ffineus "was dethroned by the sons of his brother Agrius, and rescued by Diomedes, who took, him to Argolis, where he was afterw-ards slain by the two surviving sons of Agrius. The city of (Enoe wa.s built upon the site of his burial place. He was the first to receive the vine from Bacchus, who taught him its cultivation, and the juice of the grape was from his name called oiVof, wine. CENOMA'TJS (Lat., from Gk. Oi;*/iaof, ■Olno- tiiaos). The son of Ares and King of Pisa in I'.lis. Having been warned that he would per- ish if his daughter married, he made it a con- dition that all suitors of Hippodaniia should strive with him in a chariot race from Pis.ito the altar of Poseidon on the Isthmus of CorintTi. and if conquered should be slain. Pelops, son of Tantalus, on entering the contest, bribed Myrtilus, the charioteer of CEnomaus, to disable the lat- ter's chariot, and with a chariot and horses given him by Poseidon was victorious in the race. O^nomaus was killed^ and when dying cursed Myrtilus, to whom Pelops refused the promised reward and cast him down from Cape Gera-stus. The curse uttered by the dying Myrtilus on Pelops brought in its train the misfortunes which pursued the latter's family. CENONE, e-no'ne (Lat.. from Gk. On'tivj?, Oinoiir). A nymph, who became the wife of Paris while he was still a shepherd on Mount Ida. IShe warned him of the results of his journey to Greece, and told liim that she only could cure him if he should be wounded. When Paris was wounded by the arrow of Philoctetes. he sought the aid of Gl^none, who, angered by his desertion, declined to assLst him, but repented and in grief at coming too late ca.st herself on his funeral pile. The storv is told in Tennyson's poem (Enonr (18.S2). (ENOPIDES, #-n6p1-dez (Lat., from Gk. Oira-Mz/r, Oinopides) . A Greek astronomer, born in Chios, possibly a contemporary of . ax- agoras. He learned astronomy in Eg^pt and there, no doubt, got his knowledge of the obliquity of the ecliptic, the discovery of which is often ascribed to him. .Elian attributes to fEnojiides the fifty-nine-year cycle intended to harmonize the lunar and solar years, and the determination of the length of the solar year as 365 || days. He had a strange theory of the rise and fall of the Nile that subterranean waters are warmer in winter and colder in summer than surface waters, so the winter heat carries the moisture into the earth. Several geometrical propositions are said to have been discovered by him, and he held the theory that the Milky Way was the original path of the sun, which it had left in fright. (ENOTH'EKA (Xeo-Lat., from Gk. oimei/pa;, oiiiotlicras, plant whose root smells like wine, from olvos, oinos, wine, + Si/pai', tlicran, to seek | . A genus of plants of the natural order (Enotheraceae having four petals and eight stamens, the calj-x- limb 4-cleft, the segments rellexed ; the capsule 4-valved, with manj- naked seeds. The evening primrose {CEnotlicra biennis), a beautiful plant native of the United States, has been known in Europe since 1G14, and is now naturalized in many parts of Europe, on tbe hanks of rivers, in thickets, on .sandy grounds, etc. The plant is often cultivated for its fragrant flowers, which expand in the evening and at the summit of a leafy spike in the second year. The root some- what resembles a carrot in shape, but is short; it is usually red, lleshy and tender; it is some- times eaten in salads or in soups, and as a boiled vegetable. Several other species of (Eno- thera, natives of North America, are cultivated in gardens. OERSTED, er'steD, Anders Sandoe (1778- 18(J0). An eminent Danish jurist, brother of Hans Christian Oersted (q.v. ), born in Rud- kjobing. He was educated at the L'niversity of Copenhagen, embraced the profession of law, and rose to eminence as a practitioner and as editor of legal periodicals ; he also wrote several treatises on the philo.sophy of Kant and Hegel. He became a judge of the highest court of Den- mark in 1810. In 1825 he was intrusted with the drawing up of the ordinances of the Danish law, and in 1831 had an important share in forming the provincial con.stitutions granted by Frederick VI. to the Estates. For several years he was high commissioner, or King's representa- tive at the Assembly of the Estates, and from 1842 to 1848 was a member of the Danish Cabi- net. In 1853 he became Premier, and acted suc- cessively as Minister of Public Worship, of the Interior, and of Pulilic Instruction and Justice. He now showed himself a decided Conservative. At the close of 1854 the King dismissed the Oersted Cabinet. In 1855 Oersted and his colleagues in the Cabinet were impeached by the Diet : the trial lasted for a year and resulted in acquittal. An autobiography of Oersted, Af mit Livs og min Tids Historic (1851-57). contains valuable ma- terial for Danish historians. Among his other works is a manual of Danish and Norwegian law, U'laiidboq over den danske og norske Lovkyn- dir/hed (G vols., 1822-23). OERSTED, HAX.S Christian (1777-1S51). A distinguished Danish physicist, brother of the pre- ceding. He was born at Rudkjobing. on the Danish island of Langeland, and studied at the Univer- sity of Copenhagen, where he took the degree of doctor of philosophy in 1799. Soon after becom- ing assistant to a professor of medicine, he gave lectures on chemistry and natural philosophy. In 1806. after having enjoyed a traveling scholar- ship for several years, in the course of which he visited Holland, Germany, and Paris, he was ap- pointed professor of natural philosophy in the