Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 18.djvu/791

SULPHUR SPRINGS. 689 SULU ISLANDS. tile, carriages and wagons, and lumber products. The water-works are owned by the municipality. Population, in 1890, 3038; in 1900, 3035. SULPICIANS, sul-pish'anz. A society of priests founded in llJ41 by Jean .laciiues Olier (q.v. ) to educate can(li<lates fur the priesthood. It took its name from the parish of Saint-Sulpice in Paris, of which t)Uer was pastor. When the number of priests had increased beyond the needs of the parish, some took charge of a seminary; and this has since been their princi])al work. At the present time they have charge of the clerical seminaries in twenty-five dioceses of France. They came to Canada in 1(342 and had a large share in the founding of the city of Montreal as a Christian colony: for a long time they did all the priestly work there, and still conduct the seminary. On the invitation of Bishop Carroll, they came to Baltimore in 1790 and took charge of the seminar}' founded there a year later; in 1808 they established another at Emmitsburg. the later Mount Saint Mary's College. They also have charge of the seminaries in the dioceses of Xew York. Boston, and San Francisco, and of the clerical students in the Catholic University at Washington. SULPICIUS (sul-pish'i-fis) SEVE'RUS (C.363-C.410. ) An ecclesiastical historian, liorn in Aquitaine. According to Paulinus (Ep. xxii.) he went to live at Primuliacum, a village near Tou- louse, and about this time he seems to have taken monastic vows. He was a friend of Saint Martin, Bishop of Tours, whom he frequentl}' visited, and whose life he wrote ( Vita S. Martini Ttironensis) . His biography and his dialogues are of great historical value. The most important of Sulpicius's other writings is his Historia Saei'a, composed about 403. This book was for a long tune used as a text-book for history in the schools of Europe (till e.l656). There is an English version of his writings, by Alexander Roberts, in Sicoie and PostSiceiie Fathers (vol. xi., 2d series, Xew York and Oxford, 1894). SULTAN. A breed of small fowls, derived from Turkey, and kept for their beauty of plumage and docility as pets. /( A StTLTAS COCK. SULTAN (Ar. sultan, emperor, empire, from salita. to be imperious). A common title of Mohammedan princes since the time of the Ghaz- nivid Mahmud (997-1030). It is given, par excellence, to the ruler of Turkey, who takes the name sultan khan, 'reigning sultan,' or sultan of sultans. It is also given to the princesses of the royal house, and the Sultan's mother is called I'alidc sultan; the mother of his first-born son is called hasseki sultan. In English a feminine form sultana- is usually employed for women. SULTE, suit, Bf.N'JAMlK (1841 — ). A French- Canadian author, born at Three Rivers, in the Province of (Jueljcc. Taken from school at the death of his father, who perished at sea, Suite pushed his way through various employments into journalism and into the service of the Gov- ermnent as translator. His most solid prose work is the Ilistoire dcs Canadicns-Fransais (8 vols., 1882-84), which was followed by Ilistoire de Saint Frani-oisdu-Lac (1886) and Pages d'histoire du Canada (1891). Suite is also well known for his songs in Les Laurentiennes (1870) and Les chants nouveaux (1880). SULU, sUn-lHo', or Jol6. The capital of the island and archipelago of the same name in the Pliilippines, situated on the northwest coast of the island of Sulu, 580 miles almost due south of Manila, and 99 miles southwest of Zambo- anga, Mindanao (Map: Philippine Islands, F 13). The old town, destroyed during the Span- ish occupation of 1876-78, was the residence of the sultans from the time of the traditional first leader, Xarib, or Charib, who is reported to have come from Mecca during the latter part of the seventeenth century. The new town, laid out on the hill by the Spaniards at the time of their permanent occupation, is well constructed and fortified. The harbor is provided with a long stone pier and a lighthouse, and the town is an important shipping place. Since the protocol of 1877 between England and the German Em- pire and Spain, it has been a free port. The population is but a few thousand. SULU (Sp. Joi/)) ISLANDS, or SOOLOO ISLAND^ The southernmost group of the Phil- ippine Islands. It extends between the Sulu and Celebes Seas from the western ex- tremity of Mindanao sonthwestward to the northeastern extremity of Borneo (ilap: Philip- pine Islands, F 13). Its combined area, exclud- ing the Basilan group, which properly belongs to Mindanao and forms a separate province, is estimated at 1029 square miles. The archipelago is arranged in two main parallel chains, and consists of several minor groups, each centred around a large island. Of the latter the two largest are Sulu Island in the north and T.awi- Tawi in the south, whose areas, respectively, are 380 and 187 square miles. The number of islands counted is 188. The larger islands are of vol- canic formation, and consist of mountains from 1000 to 3000 feet high, with several extinct vol- canoes. The mountains are generally surrounded by a coast zone of coral deposits, and most of the smaller islands are wholly of coral formation and very low, though all are built on the summits of a subterranean mountain range. The climate, being more tempered by the sea, is cooler and more equable than that of Mindanao. The soil, a mixture of volcanic and coral detritus, is ex- tremely fertile, and the vegetation is luxuriant. The flora is more distinctly related to that of the Philijipines, especially Jlindanao, than to the Borneo flora : the forests produce teak and other valuable timbers, and cocoanut and nipa palms are abundant.