Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/477

WEEVIL. 401 WEIGELA. ■marum or Rhyncojihvrus pulinarum is the 'palm' weevil, mid dues great damage to eocoa palms. Its larva' are roasted and eaten by the natives of tropieal America. (See Crughi!.) To lliis group belong the bill-bugs of the genus .Sl)lieno- phorus, whose larva' live on the roots of eorn and other grains and grasses. One species (Siilic)ioiihonis obscurus) infests sugar cane in the Paoilie Islands. The Scolytida; are the 'bark' or 'engraver' beetles, which burrow be- tween the bark and wood of trees, or even in the wood, leaving the visil)le tunnels. When numerous enough they kill trees or else greatly damage the wood for commercial purposes. See Bark Beetle; Ambhosia Ueetle. The Bruchidie, of which there are about 700 species, are not snout-beetles, although they are commonly called 'weevils.' They are small, nsually dull-colored stout beetles. The legless larvae are fat maggots which live in the seeds of plants, mainly of the family Leguminos;e. One species (Bnichus pisi), which is the largest pea and bean feeding weevil found in North America, has caused the .abandonment of pea cultivation in some sections of the United States. Since it does not thrive in cold countries, Canadian peas find a ready market in the United States. The eggs are laid on the very young pea-pod. The larvae, on hatching, bore through the pod and into the pea. from which the beetle emerges in the spring. Bnichus ohtccttis, a very formidable enemy of bean culture, not only breeds in the young pod, but also in stored beans. Infested beans will float in water; they should not be planted. Certain other beetles inhabiting flour (e.g. »S'i7- vanus Surinanicnsis of the family Cucnjida!, Triholium cunfiisuiii of the family Tenebrionida;, and Trofiosita Mtniritaiiica of the family Trogosi- tid;c) and stored grain have erroneously been ■called weevils. Even a lejiidopterous insect, the Angoumois grain-moth (Silotraria cereuleUa) , is known in the Southern United States as the 'fly- weevil.' See Graix Insects. Consult; Sharp. Cawhridtje Natural Eisiory. -vol. vi. (London, 1901) ; Comstock, Manual for the Sfudi/ of Insects : Chittenden, Year Book of the Department of Ar/rieulture (Washington, ISnS) : Howard, Circulars 6. l.'i, 27. 3S. Dicision of Entomologii. United States Department of Afirieulture (Washington, 1895) : Hunter, Farm- ers' Bulletin 1S3, United States Department of Agriculture (Washington, 1903). WEGG, Silas. A wooden-legged rascal, in Dickens's Our Mutual Friend. He is charitably engaged, by Mr. Boffin, and attempts to rob his beneifactor by a scheme of pitiless blackmail. WEGSCHEIDEK, vaG'.shi-der, Julius Au- gust LruwiG (1771-1849). A German theolo- gian. He was born at Kiibbelingen. Brunswick, studied at Helmstedt, became professor at Rin- teln in Hesse in 1800 and at Halle in 1810. His Institutiones Theologian Christiance Dogmaticce (1815. 8th ed., 1844) was considered the stand- ard exposition of German rationalism. WEIDTTER, Ee-ebe Franklin (1851—). An American theologian, born at Centre Valley, Pa. He graduated at Muhlenberg College in 1869. and at the Lutheran Theological Seminary. Thiladelphia. in 1873. and became a Ijitheran -minister. From 1882 till 1891 he was profes- sor of dogmatics and exegesis in Augiistana Theological Seminary at Koek Island, 111., and in 1891 was made professor of theology and chairman of the faculty in the Chicago Lutheran Theological Seminary. His publications include: Theologiral Eneyelopedia (1885-91); Biblical 'J'liiiiluyy of the Old Teslainent ( 1880) ; System of DoyinaUc Theoloyy (1888) ; Historical Thcol- oyy ; Christian Ethics (1891); Biblical Theol- ogy of the Aew Testament (1891); and com- mentaries on the General Epistles, Revelation, and oilier books of the Bible. WEIEESTRASS, vi'cr-striis, Karl (1815- 97). - (irnuaii mathematician, born at Osten- fclde, in Westphalia. In 1834 lie went to Bonn for the purpose of studying law and finance, but four years later he took up the study of mathematics at jMiinster. In 1842 he became a teacher in the Gymnasium at Miinster, and in 1848 was appointed to a similar position at Braunsberg. In 1850 he became instructor in the Industrial Institute at Berlin, and in 1804 professor of mathematics at the univer- sity in that city. His works relate chiefly to Abeliaii integrals and difTerential equations, and to the general theory of functions, the modern treatment of which he may be said to have in- troduced. His Abhandlungen aus der Funk- tionenlehre was published in Berlin in 1886. His other works, including Zur Theorie der AbeV- schen Integrale (1849). Formeln n. s. w. der clliptischen Funktioncn (ed. by Schwarz, 1885), and his numerous memoirs, appear in his Mathe- matische ^Yerke, now being pulilished under the patronage of the Prussian Academy of Sciences (Berlin, 1894 — ). He also edited .Jacobi's (1881- 91) and Steiner's (1881-82) works. WEIGEL, vl'gcl, Valentin (1533-88). A German m^ystie. He was born at Grossenhain, near Dresden: studied at Leipzig and at Witten- berg, and from 1567 to his death was preacher at Zschopau, near Chemnitz. He emphasized the necessity of iMternal unction and illumina- tion. His main thesis as a psychologist was tliat knowleilge does not come from without, but from 'the eye' of the cognitive subject. In cosmology he stands near Paracelsus. Of his writings only an unimportant funeral sermon appeared before his death. His productions were published from 1604 to 1618 in various places, and Weigelianism became widely spread. His opponents represented him as a dangerous revolutionary, who aimed at the overthrow of all political and social order. Weigel's mo.st prominent writings are; Libelhis de Vita Beata (1009); Ein sehiin Ocbctbiiehlein (1012); Phi- losophia Theologica (1614); Principal tind Haupttractat ron der Gelassrnheif (1618) : Soli Deo Gloria (1618). Consult; Opel, Valeittin Weigel (Leipzig, 1864) : Piinjer, History of Christian Philosophif of Religion (Edinburgh, 1887). WEIGELA (Xeo-Lat., named in honor of Christian Ehrenfried von ^'eigel, a Swedish physician of the early nineteenth century). A common name for certain species of Diervilla. one of which (Dirriilla flnrida) was introduced into cultivation from China as Weigela rosea. There are two American species known as bush honeysuckle. The Xorthern species, Diervilla trifida, is common in the Middle and Northern States, extending to Hudson Bay and to the Rocky Mountains. It grows from 1 to 4 feet