Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/490

WELCH. 414 WELD. He was graduated at Yale College in 1870 and took his medical degree from tbe College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, in 1875. Afterwards he studied pathology at the universities of Strassburg, Leipzig, Breslau, and Vienna, and in 1878 was appointed demonstrator of anatomy, and later professor of pathological anatomv. in the Belle-ue Hospital Medical College.' New Y'ork City. In 1884 he was called to Baltimore, where he became professor in the Johns Hopkins University, and pathologist to the .John, Hopkins Hospital. He was subse- quently dean of the medical school. He became eminent as an authority in bacteriology and pathology, and was elected to the Pliiladelphia College of Physicians, to the Pathological So- cieties of Philadelphia and London, to the Na- tional Academy of Sciences, and to the Ameri- can Academy of Arts and Sciences. A General Pathology of Fever is from the pen of Dr. Welch, but his publications are for the most part in- corporated in the works of others. Articles in Flint's Practice of Medichie (5th and Cth eds.), in Pepper's System of iledicine, in Dennis's System of Surgery, in Allbiit's System of Medi- cine, and in A Texthook of Medicine by American Teachers are by him, as well as numerous papers on pathological and bacteriological subjects. WELCKER, vel'kcr, Feiedrich Gottlieb (1784-1808). A German classical archseologi.st and philologist. He was born at GrUnberg, in Hesse-Darmstadt; studied at Giessen; was ap- pointed teacher at the gymnasium there in 1803; and in the year 180G went to Rome, where he remained two years as tutor in the family of Wilhelm von Humboldt, who became his warm friend. On his return from Italy, he was ap- pointed to a professorship of ancient literature in Giessen. In 1814 he served in the War of Lib- eration. For political reasons he left Giessen, went the following year to Copenhagen, to edit the postlmmous works of the Danish archa>ologist Zoega, and accepted a chair at Gottingen in 1816. Tlience he was called in 1819 to Bonn, -where he remained until his death, though he resigned his chair in 1859. Welcker's studies covered a wide range, but his chief influence was exerted in the fields of Greek- literature, art, and mythology-. He belonged, like Bockh and his piipil K. 0. Mailer, to that school of German philologists who took as their aim the com- plete reconstruction of the ancient life, in dis- tinction from the school of G. Hermann, who were disposed to limit the field to the language and tc.t of the Greek and Roman writers. Wclcker was tlioroughly imbued with the har- mony of the whole Greek conception, whether expressed in art, literature, or religion, and it was to the presentation of this as a complete whole that he devoted his efforts. Among his editions of Greek texts are the collection of the fragmertts of Hipponax (1817), Thcognis (182G), Philostratus (1825), and tiie Theogony of Hesiod (1805). Of his other works may be mentioned Der cpischc Cyl.liis (1835, 1849; 'reprinted 18G5. 1882) ; Die .Kschyleische Trilogie Prometheus, und 'Nnchlrag (1824. 1820); Die yriechischen Trag'idien niit liiiclcsieht nuf den epischen Ci/hlus geordtut (1839-41); Clriechische Cliitterlchre (1857-02). Shorter essays were collected in AUe Denkmiiler (1849-64) and Kleine Schriften (1844-67). Consult Kekule, Dos Lehen Fried- rich Gottlieb Welckers (Leipzig, 1880). WELD (Dutch u-ouiv, Swed., Dan. vav, Ger. Wall, weld; of unknown etymology), Woold, Dyeu's Rocket, Dyer's Weed, or Yellow Weed (Reseda Luteola). A plant of the natural order Resedaceoe and of the same genus as mignonette (q.v.), a native of waste places in many parts of Europe and introduced in some places in the Eastern United States. It is cultivated to some extent for dyeing. Good weld nuist have flowers of a beautiful yellow or greenish color, and abound in leaves; that whic'n is small, thin- stemmed, and yellow is better than that which is large, thick-stemmed, and green ; that which grows on dry, sandy soils is better than that produced on rich and moist soils. For the great- est production of coloring matter the plant should be cut before the fruits show much development, otherwise the pigment diminishes. Though in part supplanted by chemical dyes, weld is still a valuable dyestuff. It serves equal- ly for linen, woolen, and silk, dyeing with proper management all shades of yellow, and jiroduc- ing a bright and beautiful color. Large quanti- ties of weld are exported from France. WELD, AxGELi>A EiiiLY (GRiMKf;). See GRiMKfi Sisters, The. WELD, Isaac (1774-1856). An Irish topo- graphical writer, born in Dublin, and educated in England. In 1795-97 he traveled through the L'nited States and Canada, visiting not only the long settled Eastern seaboard, but also the still unbroken wildernesses of the West; and after his return to Europe published Travels Through the States of Xorih Amei-ica and the Provinces of Upper and Loicer Canada During the Years ITJo, nOG, and 1797 (1799). Several editions were issued, and translations were made into French, German, and Dutch. Among his other publications were a paper by which he sought to divert Irish emigration from the United States to C;inada (1801) ; Illustrations of the Scenery of Killarney and the Surrounding Country (1807, 2d cd. 1812) ; and a Statistical Survey of the County of Iloscommon (1838). Consult The Dublin University Magazine, vol. xlix. (1857). WELD, Theodore D wight (1803-95). An American reformer and abolitionist, born at Hampton, Conn. In 1833 he entered the Lane Theological Seminary in Cincinnati, where, dur- ing the famous anti-slavery debate, he took the lend among the students by his eloquence. On I he suppression of the anti-slavery society by the trustees of the seminary, he was one of the stu- dents who withdrew, and during tlie next three years he devoted himself to lecturing on slavery "and its evils. In 1830, hov<'Vcr, he lost his voice, and was thenceforth compelled to earn his living by his pen and by teaching school, lie edited tile publications of the American Anti Slavery Society, and in 1854 he opened a school at Perth Aniboy, N. J., where he received boys and girls of both races. In 1804 he removed his school to Hyde Park, IMass., where he passed the remainder of liis life. In 1838 he married -Angelina Grimkf-. (See GRiMKft Sisters.) His publications include: The Power of Congress Orrr Ihe Dislrirt of Columbia. (1837) ; The Bible Against Slavery (1837); American Slavery as It Is; or, the Testimony of a Thousand Wit-