Page:The Presidents of the United States, 1789-1914, v. I.djvu/343

ANDREW JACKSON 285 won the election of 1828 against such odds. He obtained 83 electoral votes against 178 for Jack son. Calhoun was re-elected vice-president. Jack son came to the presidency with a feeling that he had at length succeeded in making good his claim to a violated right, and he showed this feeling in his refusal to call on his illustrious predecessor, who he declared had got the presidency by bargain and sale. In Jackson s cabinet, as first constituted, Martin Van Buren, of New York, was secretary of state; Samuel D. Ingham, of Pennsylvania, secretary of the treasury; John H. Eaton, of Tennessee, secre tary of war; John Branch, of North Carolina, secretary of the navy; John M. Berrien, of Georgia, attorney-general; William T. Barry, of Kentucky, postmaster-general. As compared with earlier cabinets not merely with such men as Hamilton, Madison, or Gallatin, but with Picker ing, Wolcott, Monroe, or even Crawford these were obscure names. The innovation in the per sonal character of the cabinet was even more marked than the innovation in the presidency. The autocratic Jackson employed his secretaries as clerks. His confidential advisers were a few inti mate friends who held no important offices. These men William B. Lewis, Amos Kendall, Duff Green, and Isaac Hill came to be known as the "kitchen cabinet." Lewis had had much to do with