288 INDEX dians, 266-269; made a major- general in regular army, 269; in vades Florida to drive out British, 270; leads army against British at New Orleans and wins victory, 271- 272; becomes foremost man in the country, 273; quarrel with secre tary of war, 273-274; invasion of Florida in 1818, 274-280; execution of Arbuthnot and Ambrister, 277- 278: appointed governor of Florida territory, 280; elected to senate, 280; his own views of his fitness for presidency, 280; beginning of feud with Henry Clay, 280; nominated for presidency in 1824, 281; J. Q. Adams chosen over, in house of representatives, 233, 282; under lying causes of election to presi dency in 1828, 284; nominal and "kitchen" cabinets of, 285; spoils system inaugurated in national politics by, 234, 286-287; quarrel over Mrs. Eaton, 288; rivalry be tween Calhoun and Van Buren and break-up of cabinet, 288-289; new cabinet, 289; stand taken by, on nullification, 293-295 ; proclama tion of December 16, 1832, 293; attacks on United States bank, 295- 298; re-election in 1832, 298; de struction of bank, 300; enforce ment of French spoliation claims, 302-303; presidency of, a remark able period in history in numerous ways, 303-304; view of, as the typical popular hero, 304; death, 305; biographies of, 305; wife and relatives, 306-307. Jackson, Andrew, adopted son of President Jackson, i. 307. Jackson, Col. Andrew, i. 307. Jackson, Rachel Donelson Robards, i. 257-261, 306-307. Jackson, Sarah York, i. 307. James, Thomas L,., iii. 143; post master-general under Garfield, 185; signs remonstrance against ap pointment of Robertson as col lector of port of New York, 211. Japan, Perry s treaty with, ii. 189; attentions shown to Grant by, dur ing latter s world tour, iii. 97; ne gotiations with, upon annexation of Hawaii, iv. 56-57; trouble over laborers from, in California, 122- 124; Secretary Taft s visit to, and smoothing down of difficulties with, 124, 169; arbitration treaty with, in 1908, 140; adjustment of fresh difficulties between California and, by President Wilson, 233-236. Jay, John, i. 31, 82-83; first chief justice of supreme court, 38; sent as minister to England, 40; credit due, for negotiations with Great Britain at close of Revolution, 84; unpopularity of, on account of treaty with England, 93; papers in the "Federalist" by, 177. Jay commission to investigate New York custom-house, iii. 206. Jay treaty with England, i. 40, 41, 93; unpopularity of, and Jefferson s attitude toward, 136-137; Madison a leader in opposing, 182; Andrew Jackson s disapproval of, 261. Jefferson, Jane Randolph, wife of Thomas Jefferson, i. 111. Jefferson, Lucy, i. 133, 154. Jefferson, Martha Skelton, wife of Thomas Jefferson, i. 118, 128, 153- 154. Jefferson, Peter, father of Thomas Jefferson, i. 111-112. JEFFERSON, THOMAS (3d President), i. 38, 64, 90, 92, 94; letter to Wash ington by, concerning latter s re- nomination to presidency, 39; di vergent political opinions of John Adams and, 92; birth and par entage, 111; education, 112-114; musical tastes, 112, 114; law stud ies, 114; becomes farmer and law yer, 114-115; practice as a lawyer, 116-117; elected to Virginia house of burgesses, 117; marriage to Mrs. Skelton, 118; opulent circumstances of, 118-119; radical writings con cerning British government, 119- 120; member of convention to de cide course of Virginia in 1775, 120- 121; delegate to first continental congress, 121; draughts Declara tion of Independence, 122-123; member of committee to devise a seal, 123; re-election to Virginia legislature, 123-124; declines oppor tunity to represent United States at Paris, 124; reforms effected in Virginia laws by, 124-125; elected governor of Virginia, 126; activi ties in Revolutionary War, 126-128; death of wife, 128; elected to con gress (1783), 129; decimal system of currency carried through by, 129; minister plenipotentiary to France, 129-130; painful impressions of France upon, 130; arduous official labors, 130-131; publication of "Notes on Virginia," 131; first hand study of condition of French people, 131-132; returns to Amer ica and is appointed secretary of
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