European continent as high north as lat. 70° in Scandinavia. It winters in Africa, Asia Minor, and Northern India. Occurs as far east as the Ural Mountains in Russia.
Sylvia rufa, Bodd. Greater Whitethroat.—Frequent in many parts of Switzerland, and common summer visitor to Ireland.
General distribution.—Over the greater part of Europe. Resident in Palestine (Saunders). Summer migrant in Asia Minor. Winters in North Africa, Egypt, Abyssinia, and Arabia. Extends farther east than the Whinchat.
S. atricapilla, Linn. Blackcap.—Common in many parts of Switzerland. Visits Ireland every summer, but in small numbers. Breeds regularly in Dublin, Wicklow, Kildare, and Queen's County (Ussher). This bird has been observed by Dr. Patten in the winter (February, 1890) at Bray, Co. Wicklow ('Naturalists' Gazette ' for 1890).
General distribution.—Widely distributed over Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia as a breeder. Migrates in winter to Abyssinia and the Red Sea.
Phylloscopus trochilus, Linn. Willow Warbler.—Common in Ireland and Switzerland as a summer visitor.
General distribution.—Over Europe and eastward to the Caucasus, where it breeds. Winters in lat. South of France, reaching as far as Cape Colony.
P. collybita (Vieill.). Chiffchaff.—Common in Switzerland and in Ireland in the summer.
General distribution.—Resembles that of the last species, but extends farther north in Europe. Widely distributed in winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
Regulus cristatus (Koch). Golden-crested Wren.—Common in Switzerland and Ireland.
General distribution.—Over Europe, South-west Asia, and Northern Africa. Extends east to the Ural Mountains.
Certhia familiaris, Linn. Tree Creeper.—Common in Switzerland and Ireland in woody districts.
General distribution.—In most parts of Europe, being abundant in the conifer woods of Norway. Reaches as far south as Japan and China. Occurs eastward as far as Siberia. The North American forms are somewhat different.
Parus major, Linn. Great Titmouse.—Common in Switzerland and Ireland.
