Page:The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland from the twelfth to the eighteenth century (1887) - Volume 2.djvu/544

FOURTH PERIOD 528 - WINTOUN HOUSE builder of Heriot's, that he was, in short, the architect, and if his title to be so considered is clear, as Dr. Laing believed it to be, in the case of such an important building, we may without hesitation assume that it was as the architect and builder of the ornamental part of Wintoun that the Earl acknowledges Wallace's "panes on his Lordship's warks." The manner of slating adopted in the curved roof of the " Wallace Tower" (Fig. 951) is peculiar, the slates being cut into patterns, in a very unusual manner. There is a high terrace wall continued east- wards from the house, a few feet in advance of the south front, orna- mented 011 the top with an open arcaded parapet, of the same design as that round the top of the " Square Tower," and otherwise the wall is enriched on the face with coats of arms, etc. Stairs descend from the terrace to the lower grounds, and there are indications that the orna- mental pleasure-grounds were at one time of considerable extent. It is unfortunate that so little is known of Wallace, the architect, and where he studied his art, as a clue might thus have been obtained to the place whence the Scottish Renaissance chiefly came. Although the general character of Wintoim House is Scottish, there are many features in the design of this building (as well as in Heriot's Hospital) which forcibly recall the style adopted in England in the times of Elizabeth and James. The tall stone chimneys ornamented with spirals and other enrichments, and the cornice and parapet t>f the square tower (Fig. 950), are strikingly English in feeling, while the octagonal angle turret and windows, with entablatures, surmounted with interlacing scroll-work (Fig. 951) have rather more of a Scottish character. Had this building stood alone there is perhaps enough of English feeling in the design to justify its being attributed to an English archi- tect. Hence perhaps the motive which has sometimes inclined people to assign this mansion, together with Heriot's Hospital, Drumlanrig, and every other building in Scotland in which the Renaissance style pre- dominates over the Scottish, to Inigo Jones as a well-known and repre- sentative foreigner. But when we examine other Scottish designs, and consider how the various features which are here met with in a completed form, were gradually and slowly introduced, we feel convinced that these features simply indicate the change of style which was then penetrating Scottish architecture, as the revival was affecting every other branch of human activity. We have already drawn attention to the fact that many features of English architecture were introduced into Scotland about this period. Thus, at Leslie Castle, Kellie Castle, and elsewhere, we have detached stone chimneys, set diagonally. At Moray House the detached chimneys are very tall, and stand on a pedestal, like those of Wintoun. At Craigievar, Castle Fraser, Duntarvie, etc., instances occur of towers