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II. Lingual.

Formed by the top of the tongue.

1. Breathless, as D, T.

2. Breathing through	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	The midst of the mouth, DH, TH.
		The corners of the mouth, L, HL.
		Vibration against inward part of the palate R, HR.
		Percolation of breath between the tongue and teeth, whether	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	more subtle, Z, S.
				more dense, ZH, SH.
		The nose, N, HN.

Formed by the root or middle of the tongue.

1. Breathless, G, C.

2. Breathing through the	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	mouth, GH, CH.
		nose, NG, HNG.

To each of these figures is adjoined a representation of the organs of speech.

The Labials are expressed by two curved figures for the lips. The Linguals by the figure of a tongue, according to its various applications either of the Top or Root to the several parts of the palate or teeth. The tongue is divided to represent vibration in forming R, HR.

The Sonorous consonants, of each kind, are distinguished from the Mutes, by the addition of ( ˜ ) to represent the motion of the epiglottis, by which sound is made.

The Breathing consonants are represented by a line passing through the mouth in various positions, according to the emission of the breath, the line being placed above the palate in the nasal letters.

It will be found that in this alphabet, J, Q, and X, are omitted as being compound letters, K as being synonymous with C (hard), and H as being a simple aspirate.

Besides the letter-sounds common to the English and other nations, we have also the Hebrew NG, HNG; the Irish GH, HN, HM; the Welsh HL, HM, HN; the Grecian HR and also ZH, which is not acknowledged by any nation as a distinct letter.