'132 THE CAXNOXADE OF CHAP, teries, more than 1100 of the Prussians were killed '— or Avounded,* whilst the loss of the Allies was Its results, comparatively sinall.t The disparity was occa- sioned in part by the exceedingly advantageous positions in which Burgoyne had established his Attacks, as well as l)y the greater calibre of the English guns ; I but a main cause of loss to the Paissians was the necessity of preparing for the expected assault, by keeping large forces on ground where they could not be sheltered from fire.§ The works and the armaments of the Allies sus- tained, upon the whole, little harm.|| It has been reckoned that the projectiles thrown on this day from the laud batteries of the besiegers and the besieged were, by the French, about 4000 ; by the English, 4700 ; and by the Paissians, so many as 20,000.11 This large expenditure of am-
- 1112.— Toillebeii, p. 345.
+ Including the 50 men struck clown by the first explosion on Mount Rodolph, the loss of the French in killed and wounded seems to have been only 96. — Niel, p. 62. Exclusive of the casualties among our sailors acting on slmre, the losses of the English in killed and wounded were, it seems, 141. t Todleben, p. 344. § Ibid. p. 345. The forces tlius exposed were not only bat- talions of infantry, but also the grape-shot batteries to which Todleben looked for Ins favourite 'niitrail.' II The details of the damage will be found in Niel, p. 62, and the English Official Siege Journal, p. 34. In the Appendix to that work there is an interesting paper by Sir John Burgoyne, .showing that the comparative immunity of the English was owing in great measure to the efficient way in which our En- gineers performed their many and difficult tasks. Their para- pets proved solid, and their magazines, though often struck by shot and shell, held good in every instance. % Tcdleben, p. 345.
