feathers or scales, coloured in regular patterns, which vary in accordance with the slightest change in the conditions to which the species are exposed. It may be said, therefore, that on these expanded membranes Nature writes, as on a tablet, the story of the modifications of species, so truly do all changes of the organisation register themselves thereon. Moreover, the same colour-patterns of the wings generally show, with great regularity, the degrees of blood-relationship of the species. As the laws of Nature must be the same for all beings, the conclusions furnished by this group of insects must be applicable to the whole organic world; therefore, the study of butterflies—creatures selected as the types of airiness and frivolity—instead of being despised, will some day be valued as one of the most important branches of Biological science.
I have mentioned, in a former chapter, the general sultry condition of the atmosphere on the Upper Amazons, where the sea-breezes which blow from Pará to the mouth of the Rio Negro (1000 miles up stream) are unknown. This simple difference of meteorological conditions would hardly be thought to determine what genera of butterflies should inhabit each region, yet it does so in a very decisive manner. The Upper Amazons, from Ega upwards, and the eastern slopes of the Andes, whence so large a number of the most richly-coloured species of this tribe have been received in Europe, owe the most ornamental part of their insect population to the absence of strong and regular winds. Nineteen of the most handsome genera of Ega, containing altogether about 100 species, are either entirely
