(197,168) is as follows:—To every individual 37 sheep, six and a half horned cattle, two-thirds of a horse, and one third of a pig.
It is probable that the community of New South Wales is, in proportion to the number of its population, the largest meat-consuming one in the world; certainly it is the largest consuming community of beef and mutton, as there is little fish, and scarcely any game.
The pastoral pursuits of the colony afford an export very nearly amounting to £6 per head for every man, woman, or child in the colony.
AGRICULTURE.
Let us first compare the operations of the last two years:—
| 1850 | 1851 | |||
| Wheat, acres | 70,720 | 82,110 | 11,390 | Inc. |
| Maize, {{{1}}}„ | 23,170 | 25,017 | 1,847 | {{{1}}}„ |
| Barley, {{{1}}}„ | 7,576 | 6,725 | 851 | Dec. |
| Oats, {{{1}}}„ | 2,717 | 2,470 | 247 | {{{1}}}„ |
| Rye, {{{1}}}„ | 293 | 245 | 48 | {{{1}}}„ |
| Millet, {{{1}}}„ | 42 | 54 | 12 | Inc. |
| Potatoes, {{{1}}}„ | 4,236 | 4,079 | 157 | Dec. |
| Tobacco, {{{1}}}„ | 510 | 731 | 221 | Inc. |
| Sown for hay | 35,383 | 30,626 | 4,757 | Dec. |
| Totals | 144,647 | 152,057 | 7,410 | Inc. |
Notwithstanding the gold-excitement year, agricultural operations in the main staples of subsistence considerably increased on the previous year. The breadth of land under cultivation for wheat shows an increase exceeding sixteen per cent.; for maize, about eight per cent.; for tobacco, more than forty-three per cent.; while the total under cultivation shows an increase of more than five per cent.
We have next to compare the quantities of
| 1850 | 1851 | |||
| Wheat, bush. | 921,582 | 1,407,465 | 485,883 | Inc. |
| Maize, {{{1}}}„ | 457,102 | 717,053 | 259,951 | {{{1}}}„ |
| Barley, {{{1}}}„ | 124,625 | 133,944 | 9,319 | {{{1}}}„ |
| Oats, {{{1}}}„ | 53,313 | 49,069 | 4,244 | Dec. |
| Potatoes, tons | 9,400 | 13,644 | 4,244 | Inc. |
| Tobacco, cwts. | 4,923 | 12,530 | 7,607 | {{{1}}}„ |
| Hay, tons | 44,762 | 36,605 | 8,157 | Dec. |
Of wheat an increase approaching 500,000 bushels, or upwards of fifty per cent.; of maize, nearly 260,000 bushels, or about fifty-seven per cent.; of barley, more than 9,000 bushels, or upwards of seven per cent.; of potatoes, more than 4,000 tons, or forty-five per cent.; and
