LUMINOUS, CALORIFIC, CHEMICAL, AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF THE SPECTRUM.
The solar spectrum may be compared to a battle-field
with an army drawn up upon it ready for action. In
the centre we find the luminous rays, on one side the
light troops which produce chemical effect, and on the
other the heating rays, which may be compared to squadrons
of heavy cavalry. Close by the light brigade are
the magnetic rays, which are a corps of skirmishers,
sometimes appearing, and at others hiding themselves
from view in a very mysterious manner.
But to drop metaphor, we shall find on examination of the spectrum that the three great forces—heat, light, and chemical effect—are regularly distributed over three different portions of this wonderful band of colour.
Before Fraunhöfer the intensity of the light of different parts of the spectrum remained undetermined with any degree of accuracy; but this philosopher, by the use of a very delicate photometer, obtained the results given below.
The maximum of luminous effect is situated just at the junction of the yellow and orange. Taking this spot as its starting-point, it gradually decreases on each side until it ceases altogether at the extreme red and violet.
With respect to the calorific portion of the spectrum
