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XLI. Hitherto has the Pumice been treated of: Hereafter are to be conſidered the Natures and Cauſes of the Diverſity of the other ſeveral Kinds of combuſtible and incombuſtible Stones; from the Hiſtory of which this Digreſſion has been made.
XLII. There are, beſide what has been already named, among the Stones which are cut as Gems, other Differences, in regard to their ſeveral peculiar Qualities.
XLIII. Some of which are in the external Appearance only. Of this Kind are thoſe of the [1]Carnelian, the
- ↑ The Carnelian is one of the ſemipellucid Gems, and has its Name Carneolus, Carniolus, or, as it is ſometimes improperly written, Corniolus, from its Colour, which, in the different Degrees in various Kinds, reſembles Fleſh with more or leſs of the Blood in it; and Sardus or Sarda, from Sardinia, the Place where it was originally found. The ſeveral Kinds of this Stone are found in different Places, and our Lapidaries make a great Diſtinction between the Oriental and Occidental, which differ extremely in Hardneſs. The Antients divided this, as they did alſo other Gems, into Male and Female (as will be ſeen hereafter in this Author) in regard to their deeper or paler Colour; both which Colours, however, are ſometimes found in different Parts of the ſame Stone. The Jewellers of our time reckon four Species of Carnelian; the common or red, the white, the yellow, and the Beryll Carnelian; the firſt of theſe is again divided into Male and Female,
obſerves differ only in their external Figures and Colours, and others in more peculiar Qualities.
