Other Presidential Documents reemergence of heroin/morphine laboratories remained firm. Pakistan extra- dited four drug fugitives to the United States and arrested six others, a sig- nificant improvement on previous years. Efforts to extend application of the Control of Narcotic Substances Act (CNSA) and the Anti-Narcotics Force Act (ANFA) to tribal areas in North West Frontier Province (NWFP) are continuing. Pakistan's cabinet approved the drug control master plan in early 1999, but implementation has been slowed by a lack of funds. The GOP's counter-drug policies and cooperation with the USG were unaffected by the October 1999 coup. Pakistan is a party to the \177988 UN Drug Convention. Pakistani law enforcement tripled opium seizures from 3.65 to \177.50 metric tons, and increased heroin seizures by 57 percent, from 2.36 to 3.90 metric tons. Pakistan's illicit drug seizures were up significantly compared to the same period in \177998. The ANF is Pakistan's principal drug law en- forcement agency. In 1999 the GOP began to examine ways to strengthen the institutional capacity and performance of the ANF. With DEA assist- ance, the ANF formed a vetted unit, or Special Investigative Cell, thereby improving intelligence collection and investigative capacity, and took steps toward recruiting new personnel. The ANF also arrested two politically powerful traffickers, one a prominent iournalist and influential politician, the other a member of the then-ruling party, leading to the break-up of a gang of corrupt officials posted at Islamabad airport. All are awaiting trial. \177999 was a record setting year for ANF seizures of heroin and opium re- covered in individual raids (a 2\1773 percent increase in heroin seizures), with ANF Baluchistan making maior contributions. Particularly noteworthy were a 760 kilogram heroin seizure in Kharan District of Baluchistan and a seizure in Turbat District of Baluchistan of 295\177 kilograms of opium, 2580 kilograms of hashish and \177l\177 kilograms of heroin. Apart from the ANF, the law enforcement agencies most actively engaged in drug seizures include the police, customs and the Frontier Corps. In a maior improvement over previous years, in \177999 the GOP arrested six drug fugitives and extradited four defendants to the United States. There are \1775 pending extradition requests. In Baluchistan the ANF and Frontier Corps detected and challenged a number of Afghan convoys, re- sulting in firefights and seizures of 5.8 metric tons of opium, \177.l tons of heroin, and seven vehicles. The killing of three traffickers and serious wounding of one ANF soldier may reflect the increased challenges posed by well-armed traffickers. There were no convictions of maior drug traffickers in \177999. Prosecution continued to drag out in the courts. However, the GOP has funded the es- tablishment of five special drug courts to process drug cases more effi- ciently. Chemical controls are adequate, but there is still diversion of acetic anhydride from licit imports. Pakistan is not a maior money laundering country, but, given the level of drug trafficking, smuggling, and official cor- ruption, money laundering almost certainly occurs, mostly by means of un- official, traditional money transfer facilities, known as "hawala." The USG believes that Pakistan made an excellent contribution to inter- national drug control efforts. We will support GOP efforts to target maior heroin trafficking organizations and increase seizures of large shipments of opiates and precursor chemicals. 377
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