248 ESSAYS AND LETTERS
The position is becoming worse and worse^ and there is no stopping this descent towards evident perdition.
The one way of escape believed in by credulous people has now been closed by recent events. I refer to the Hague Conference, and to the war between England and the Transvaal which immediately fol- lowed it.
If people who think little, or but superficially, were able to comfort themselves with the idea that inter- national courts of arbitration would supersede wars and ever-increasing armaments, the Hague Conference and the war that followed it demonstrated in the most palpable manner the impossibility of finding a solution of the diflSculty in that way. After the Hague Confer- ence, it became obvious that as long as Governments with armies exist, the termination of armaments and of wars is impossible. That an agreement should become possible, it is necessary that the parties to it should trust each other. And in order that the Powers should trust each other, they must lay down their arms, as is done by the bearers of a flag of truce when they meet for a conference.
So long as Governments, distrusting one another, not only do not disband or decrease their armies, but always increase them in correspondence with augmentations made by their neighbours, and by means of spies watch every movement of troops, knowing that each of the Powers will attack its neighbour as soon as it sees its way to do so, no agreement is possible, and every con- ference is either a stupidity, or a pastime, or a fraud, or an impertinence, or all of these together.
It was particularly becoming for the Russian rather than any other Government to be the enfant terrible of the Hague Conference. No one at home being allowed to reply to all its evidently mendacious manifestations and rescripts, the Russian Government is so spoilt, that — having without the least scruple ruined its own people with armaments, strangled Poland, plundered Turkestan
