SYNOPTICAL TABLE OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF SPIROCHÆTE AND CLINICAL SYMPTOMS OF THE
RELAPSING FEVERS THEY EVOKE IN MAN
(Compiled mainly from Mackie, Chosky and Balfour)
Egypt Spirochæta berbera |
Algiers Spirochæta berbera (?) |
Europe Spirochæta recurrentis (obermeieri) |
Africa Spirochæta duttoni |
America Spirochæta novyi |
India Spirochæta carteri |
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Minimal length | 13.5 . | 12 . | 12 . | 13 . | 7-9 . | 12 . | |
Shape | Irregular open flexures. |
Irregular open flexures. |
Spiral. | Open flexures. | Regularly spiral. | Open flexures. | |
Flagella | ? | ? | Peritrichous. | Peritrichous. | Terminal (Novy.) | ? | |
Animals Susceptible. | Gerbils, slightly. Monkeys (Cercopithecus). |
Rats and mice, with difficulty. Monkeys (Macacus). |
Small rodents, only after passage through monkeys. |
Small rodents and many animals susceptible. |
Small rodents very susceptible. |
Small rodents infected with difficulty. | |
Course in animals. | Very mild. | As a rule mild. | Mild. | Very severe. | Severe. | Very mild. | |
Subinoculations in animals. |
Gerbil to gerbil, positive. |
Rat to rat, or mouse to mouse, with difficulty. |
Monkey to monkey, mouse to mouse, positive. (Fülleborn and Meyer.) |
Monkey to monkey, positive. Same for most animals. (Breinl, Kinghorn & Garrett.) |
Monkey to monkey and mouse to mouse, positive. |
Monkey to monkey and mouse to mouse, positive. (Mackie.) | |
Course in man. | Fairly severe. First attack 2-8 days; two or three relapses. |
Fairly severe. First attack 2-8 days; two or three relapses. |
One, sometimes two relapses. Incubation period 5-7 days. Duration of attack 5-6 Apyrexia 7-10 |
Severe—four or five relapses. Incubation period 7-10 days. Duration of 1st attack 3 Apyrexia 1-8 |
Mild, rarely more than one relapse. Incubation period 5-7 days. Duration, 1st attack 5-6 Apyrexia 7-10 |
Severe, one or two relapses. Incubation period 7 days. Duration, 1st attack 5-7 Apyrexia 5-13 | |
Parasites in human blood. |
Variable. | Variable. | Heavy infection. | ||||
Natural transmitters. | Lice. | Lice Ticks (Argas persiscus). (Sergent.) |
Lice. (?) Bed bug (Acanthia lectularia). |
Ticks (Ornithodoros moubata). | Lice (?) Ticks (Ornithodoros talaje) (?). |
Lice (?)Bug (Cimex rotundatus). | |
Serum reactions | ? | Immune serum possibly without effect on S. recurrentis (obermeieri). |
Immune serum without any effect on S. novyi or duttoni. |
Immune serum without any effect on S. novyi or recurrentis (obermeieri). |
Immune serum without any effect on S. recurrentis (obermeieri), duttoni, or carteri. |
Immune serum without any effect on S. novyi. |