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Preface.

'The Pope has the right to determine for persons how they ought to dress' (p. 64 of Dr. S.'s work); and more strange still, 'That in religious questions according to the teaching of Pope Leo the Great, the Emperor is infallible' (p. 111 of his work). The latter assertion appeared to me certainly a trifle somewhat too scandalous, and to the honour of this great Pope I thought that I ought to go into the proofs of this wonderful assertion. But in a lucky moment I perceived that Dr. Schulte did not mean his words to be taken in earnest, and that he only wished to show what strange things on the subject of Infallibility might be deduced from the misunderstood or misinterpreted words of ancient writers, when people choose to interpret them in a passionate and irrational way. This, I say, broke upon me, and so I renounced my intention, and I am satisfied now to regard the statement that in religious questions, according to the doctrine of Pope Leo the Great, the Emperor is infallible, as an historical curiosity, which it would be as superfluous for me to refute, as it would be wearisome to the reader for me to attempt. One utterance of this holy Pope I will not, however, omit, and it struck me, on a fresh perusal of his letters, as very appropriate here. He says, 'Veræ fidei sufficit scire, quis doceat,'—'For the true faith it is enough to know who is the teacher.' But then he is not here speaking of the Emperor, but of the Pope and the Bishops.

But if the second edition of the pamphlet of Dr. Schulte has given occasion to no alterations in this third edition of my own work, the remarks of some